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  • July 2025 newsletter

    July 2025 introduction – two-dozen (24) edition

    What a scorcher of month it turned out to be. This edition marks the second anniversary of Strategic Outcomes.

    24 or two dozen as they call it in the bingo halls, is considered be unlucky in Cantonese because it sounds like ‘easy die’. All of which made the number symbolizing a violent political thriller TV series all the more appropriate.

    24 was the name of a must-see action drama that launched in the aftermath of 9/11. The show was quite prophetic in some ways given that the pilot was shot in March 2001 and production began in earnest in July that year.

    Jack Bauer fought terrorist and drug cartel attacks over nine seasons and sold countless DVD boxsets outselling Peter Jackson’s Lord of the Rings: The Fellowship of The Ring. Bauer’s ‘the ends justify the means’ approach caught the zeitgeist of enhanced interrogation and the real-time plot with political intrigue kept audiences hooked.

    Much of this month for me has been dominated by generative AI in terms of the projects that I have been working on and what I have been learning on Coursera.

    AI

    This month’s summery soundtrack for the newsletter comes from French DJ Folamour playing joyful house music that would be very on-point for the early to mid-1990s sets I used to play during the mid-week at the long-gone and largely unlamented Sherlocks bar and Bonkers night club in Merseyside.

    New reader?

    If this is the first newsletter, welcome! You can find my regular writings here and more about me here

    Strategic outcomes

    Things I’ve written.

    • I have been thinking a good deal about business cards and their relevance in 2025, there maybe some reasons for optimism given wider trends happening at the moment.
    • Apple developer focus given last year’s problematic pivot to go big on AI.
    • The Hong Kong government banned a Taiwanese game Reversed Front: Bonfire. The game portrayed the Hong Kong government in a poor light alongside their Beijing counterparts. But gaming and politics aren’t as bizarre bedfellows as it would seem on the surface.
    • Optimising my video calling experience took me back through my past life as a DJ to find an appropriate headphone and mic solution for long work calls.
    • Design collaborations and other things including philosophical approaches to building machine learning systems and early smartphone demos.

    Books that I have read.

    • I read Charles Beaumont’s A Spy At War, the follow-on to A Spy Alone which I read earlier on in the year. Beaumont’s story moves from the UK to Ukraine, tracking the lines between Russian corruption and what the Russian intelligence services would call the ‘useful idiots’ of right leaning populist politics. Beaumont doesn’t disappoint with this second story related to his Oxford spy ring, the unnerving aspect of it all is how similar many of the characters seem to public figures. I will let you draw your own conclusions on that.

    Things I have been inspired by.

    Cartier exhibition

    I got to go to the Cartier exhibition at the V&A museum. At first I was thinking about passing it by when I looked at the exhibition catalogue. The photography seemed flat and lacking in lustrousness. The exhibition needed to be seen in person to appreciate the art of the jeweller and gemologist respectively.

    Mid-year trends

    Dan Frommer and the team at The New Consumer & consumer goods focused investor Coefficient Capital dropped their mid year trends presentation which is free to download.

    There were a number of outtakes for me

    • Economics
      • US consumer spending held steady, even as consumer sentiment fluctuated – this might be due to inflation, but you didn’t see a corresponding dip. This was also mirrored in steadily life satisfaction statistics.
      • Consumer price elasticity for ‘Made in America’ products is low.
    • Marketing
      • 97% of US consumers surveyed knew it was Amazon Prime day before shopping – which is a phenomenal level of awareness.
      • 98% of US consumers are aware of AI. Which adds more credence that AI’s place in culture is similar to that of the web and the internet in the mid-to-late 1990s – even amongst people who aren’t actually using it. It is consistently in 0.25% of news coverage since the launch of ChatGPT.
      • Awareness of Ozempic was at 58%, Viagra was at 62% – which says a lot about the power of long-term brand building.
    • Pets
      • Pets are 40 percent of male respondents best friend, but 40% of women view pets as their child.

    Chart of the month. 

    Smart Communications released a report looking at health CX and patient attitudes. There was a considerable variation between consumers by age on trust in AI across both concerns about data privacy and the overall ethics involved. But a majority of consumers in every age group thought that AI would maintain or improve health communications channels.

    health cx

    Things I have watched. 

    Network as a 1976 film was quite prescient. It covers the tension between network television’s quest for eyeballs and the ‘just the facts’ era of Walter Cronkite and his team at CBS Evening News. We have a network executive who sees views in the breakdown of a news reader at the twilight of his career. It also feels like an allegory on modern day influencers and the tyranny of slavishly following the algorithm.

    Barry Lyndon

    Inspired by an article in the Financial Times, I rewatched Barry Lyndon for the first time in years. The first time I watched it was out of curiosity for a few reasons

    • It’s based on the 19th century novel of an Irish hero who bounces through various adventures and eventually dies in a debtors prison.
    • It was a Stanley Kubrick film. Barry Lyndon was made in 1975, after A Clockwork Orange and prior to The Shining.
    • It was similar in concept, if not in execution to the ‘cinéma du look’ movement that I have watched and written about previously in this newsletter. Conceptually ‘‘cinéma du look’ and Barry Lyndon share a common concept, both were looking to replicate an aesthetic. ‘Cinéma du look’ was inspired by the golden age of TV advertising and music videos, Barry Lyndon was inspired by 18th century art.

    Barry Lyndon like the later cinéma du look films were critiqued for putting style over plot lines. And like cinéma du look, Barry Lyndon has become more appreciated with age. The stylistic aspects of Barry Lyndon have appealed to TikTokers and gained new life. I hope the same happens for cinéma du look works that equally deserve the exposure.

     When I was a child, my time was spent split between living on my uncle’s farm in Ireland and the Mersey basin which was a thriving petrochemical hub with giant silver cathedrals to human ingenuity and process engineering. Climate change wasn’t in the public zeitgeist. You would see the stack flares as you drove past plants at night and the mercury discharge lamps dotted along inspection walkways.

    Friends Dad’s worked abroad in the petrochemical industry or in the north sea. It was adventure, it had a hint of danger. That was solidified in my mind when I saw Hellfighters, where John Wayne cosplayed as an analogue of Red Adair. The film is basically an oilfield western BUT to six year old me – giant oil fires seemed cool. Wayne’s character Chance Buckman was an undisguised portrayal of Red Adair and Red Adair Co. Inc even down to Adair’s signature red overalls.

    Yes its got misogny and it’s exactly the same as every other John Wayne film from the 1960s in terms of plot and pacing. Wayne even used many of the same co-stars over-and-over again.

    To my more practiced eye as a former plant process operator turned ad man; parts of oilfield scenarios are a bit hokey. However, the modernist design aesthetic, spectacle and the fire portrayed in the film continues to impress all these years later. The engineering and plant portrayed in the film means that it’s one of those movies my Dad and I watch together, most of the time talking about the equipment used and other minutiae of the film.

    As a film it also does a good job of documenting the oil infrastructure of the Texas panhandle in the 1960s.

    If I had any criticism it is that the film needs a good reprint with a 4K re-scan. I can also recommend Red Adair: An American Hero which was his authorised biography – we had a well-thumbed copy in control room of plant I briefly worked in prior to college.

    Useful tools.

    Image format conversion

    For long time Mac users the go to tool for image conversion is Lemke Software‘s GraphicConvertor. Thorsten Lemke is a legend in the Mac software community, supporting his application since the mid-1990s; back when being a Mac user was an endangered species. I remember first getting a copy on a Mac computer magazine disc in college and found it invaluable ever since. Even now it supports obscure image formats that you won’t have seen in decades like PICT. However if you don’t have access to your own machine and software, a couple of online web services I can recommend at a pinch are SVG to PNG and CloudConvert.

    Visualisation tool

    I have just started playing with MyLens AI and it’s conceptually interesting enough for me to recommend experimenting with it yourself.

    The sales pitch.

    I am currently working on a brand and creative strategy engagement at Google’s internal creative agency. I am now taking bookings for strategic engagements from the start of 2026 – keep me in mind; or get in touch for discussions on permanent roles. Contact me here.

    now taking bookings

    More on what I have done here.

    bit.ly_gedstrategy

    The End.

    Ok this is the end of my July 2025 newsletter, I hope to see you all back here again in a month. Be excellent to each other and onward for the rest of the dog days of summer.

    Don’t forget to share if you found it useful, interesting or insightful.

    Get in touch 

  • February 2025 newsletter

    February 2025 newsletter introduction

    Welcome to my February 2025 newsletter, I hope that your year of the snake has gotten off to a great start. This newsletter marks my 19th issue – which feels a really short time and strangely long as well, thank you for those of you who have been on the journey so far as subscribers to this humble publication. Prior to writing this newsletter, I found that the number 19 has some interesting connections.

    In mandarin Chinese, 19 sounds similar to ‘forever’ and is considered to be lucky by some people, but the belief isn’t as common as 8, 88 or 888.

    Anyone who listened to pop radio in the mid-1980s to mid-1990s would be familiar with Paul Hardcastle’s documentary sampling ’19’. The song mixed narration by Clark Kent and sampled news archive footage of the Vietnam war including news reports by read by Walter Cronkite. 19 came from what was cited as the average age of the soldier serving in Vietnam, however this is disputed by Vietnam veteran organisation who claim that the correct number was 22. The veteran’s group did a lot of research to provide accurate information about the conflict, overturning common mistakes repeated as truth in the media. It’s a handy reminder that fallacies and trust in media began way before the commercial internet.

    New reader?

    If this is the first newsletter, welcome! You can find my regular writings here and more about me here

    Strategic outcomes

    Things I’ve written.

    • Zing + more things – HSBC’s Zing payments system was shut down and was emblematic of a wider challenge in legacy financial institutions trying to compete against ‘fintech startups. I covered several other things as well including new sensor technology
    • The 1000 Yen ramen wall is closing down family restaurants across Japan. A confluence of no consumer tolerance for price elasticity due to inflation driven ingredients costs is driving them to the wall. Innovation and product differentiation have not made a difference.
    • Luxury wellness – why luxury is looking at wellness, what are the thematic opportunities and what would be the competitors for the main luxury marketing conglomerates be successful.
    • Technical capability notice – having read thoroughly about the allegations that Apple had been served with an order by the British government to provide access to its customer iCloud drive data globally – I still don’t know what to think, but didn’t manage to assuage any of my concerns.

    Books that I have read.

    • World Without End: The million-copy selling graphic novel about climate change by Jean-Marc Jancovici and Christophe Blain. In Japan, graphic novels regularly non-fiction topics like text books or biographies. A French climate scientist and illustrator collaborated to take a similar approach for climate change and the energy crisis. Their work cuts through false pre-conceptions and trite solutions with science.
    World without end by Jancovici & Blain
    • Laws of UX by Jon Yablonski. Yablonski breaks down a number of heuristics or razors based on psychological research and how it applies to user experience. These included: Jakob’s Law, Fitt’s Law, Hick’s Law, Miller’s Law, Peak-End Rule and Tesler’s Law (on complexity). While the book focuses on UX, I thought of ways that the thinking could be applied to various aspects of advertising strategy.
    • I re-read Hooked: How to Build Habit-Forming Products by Nir Eyal. Eyal’s model did a good job at synthesising B.J. Fogg’s work on persuasive computing, simplifying it into a model that the most casual reader can take and run with it.
    • Kapferer on Luxury by Jean-Noël Kapferer covers the modern rise of luxury brands as we now know them. Like Dana Thomas’ Deluxe – how luxury lost its lustre Kapferer addresses the mistake of globalised manufacturing and massification of luxury. However Kapferer points out the ‘secret sauce’ that makes luxury products luxurious: the hybridisation of luxury with art and the concept of ‘incomparability’. The absence of both factors explain why British heritage brands from Burberry to Mulberry have failed in their current incarnations as luxury brands.
    • Black Magic by Masamune Shirow is a manga work from 1983. Masamune is now best known for the creation of Ghost In The Shell which has been turned into a number of anime films, TV series and even a whitewashed Hollywood remake. Despite the title, Black Magic has more in common with space operas like Valerian & Laureline by Pierre Christin and Jean-Claude Mézières than the occult. In the book Masamune explores some of the ideas which he then more fully developed in Ghost In The Shell including autonomous weapons, robots and machine intelligence.
    • Doll by Ed McBain. Doll was a police procedural novel written in 1965 that focused on the model agency industry at the time. The novel is unusual in that it features various artistic flourishes including a model portfolio and hand written letters with different styles of penmanship. The author under the McBain pen name managed to produce over 50 novels. They all have taunt dialogue that’s ready for TV and some of them were adapted for broadcast, notably as an episode of Columbo. You can see the influence of McBain’s work in the likes of Dick Wolf’s productions like the Law & Order, FBI and On Call TV series franchises.

    Things I have been inspired by.

    Can money make you happy?

    Past research indicated that happiness from wealth plateaued out with a middle class salary. The latest research via the Wharton School at the University of Pennsylvania indicates that might not be the case instead, earning more makes you happier and there might not be a point at which one has enough. The upper limit on the research seems to have been restricted by finding sufficiently rich research respondents rather than natural inclination. As a consumer insight that has profound implications in marketing across a range of sectors from gaming to pensions and savings products.

    AgeTech

    I came across the concept of ‘agetech’ while looking for research launched in time for CES in Las Vegas (7 – 11, January 2025). In the US, the Consumer Technology Association (CTA) and American Association of Retired People (AARP) have put together a set of deep qualitative and quantitative research looking at the needs of the ‘aged consumer’ for ‘AgeTech’. AgeTech isn’t your Grandma iPad or your boomer CEO’s laptop. Instead it is products that sit at the intersection of health, accessibility and taking care of oneself in the home. The top five perceived age technologies are connected medical alert devices,digital blood pressure monitors, electric or powered wheelchairs/scooters, indoor security cameras, and electronic medication pill dispenser/reminders. Their report 2023 Tech and the 50-Plus, noted that technology spending among those 50-plus in America is forecast to be more than $120 billion by 2030. Admittedly, that ’50-plus’ label could encompass people at the height of their career and family households – but it’s a big number.

    It even has a negative impact on the supply side of the housing market for younger generations:

    The overwhelming majority (95%) of Americans aged 55 and older agree that aging in place – “the ability to live in one’s own home and community safely, independently, and comfortably, regardless of age, income, or ability level” – is an important goal for them. This is up from 93% in 2023.

    The Mayfair Set v 2.0

    Spiv

    During the summer of 1999, a set of documentaries by Adam Curtis covered the reinvention of business during the latter half of the 20th century was broadcast. I got to discover The Mayfair Set much later on. In the documentaries it covered how the social contract between corporates and their communities was broken down and buccaneering entrepreneurs disrupted societal and legal norms for profit. There is a sense of de ja vu from watching the series in Meta’s business pivots to the UK government’s approach to intellectual property rights for the benefit of generative AI model building.

    It probably won’t end well, with the UK population being all the poorer for it.

    The Californian Ideology

    As to why The Mayfair Set 2.0 is happening, we can actually go back to a 1995 essay by two UK based media theorists who were at the University of Westminster at the time. It was originally published in Mute magazine.

    This new faith has emerged from a bizarre fusion of the cultural bohemianism of San Francisco with the hi-tech industries of Silicon Valley. Promoted in magazines, books, TV programmes, websites, newsgroups and Net conferences, the Californian Ideology promiscuously combines the free-wheeling spirit of the hippies and the entrepreneurial zeal of the yuppies. This amalgamation of opposites has been achieved through a profound faith in the emancipatory potential of the new information technologies. In the digital utopia, everybody will be both hip and rich. Not surprisingly, this optimistic vision of the future has been enthusiastically embraced by computer nerds, slacker students, innovative capitalists, social activists, trendy academics, futurist bureaucrats and opportunistic politicians across the USA. 

    It reads like all these things at once:

    • A prescient foreshadowing from the past.
    • Any Stewart Brand op-ed piece from 1993 onwards.
    • The introduction from an as-yet ghost written book on behalf of Sam Altman, a la Bill Gates The Road Ahead.
    • A mid-1990s fever dream from the minds of speculative fiction authors like Neal Stephenson, William Gibson or Bruce Sterling.

    What the essay makes clear is that Peter Thiel, Larry Ellison and Elon Musk are part of a decades long continuum of Californian Ideology, all be it greatly accelerated; rather than a new thing. One of the main differences is that the digital artisans no longer have a chance to get rich with their company through generous stock options.

    Jobsmobile

    Even Steve Jobs fitted in with the pattern. For a hippy he drove a 5 litre Mercedes sports car, parked in the handicapped spaces in the Apple car park and had a part in firing Apple’s first gay CEO: Michael Scott because of homophobia and Scott’s David Brent-like handling of Black Wednesday. It may be a coincidence that Tim Cook didn’t come out publicly as gay until over three years after Steve Jobs died.

    … a European strategy for developing the new information technologies must openly acknowledge the inevitability of some form of mixed economy – the creative and antagonistic mix of state, corporate and DIY initiatives. The indeterminacy of the digital future is a result of the ubiquity of this mixed economy within the modern world. No one knows exactly what the relative strengths of each component will be, but collective action can ensure that no social group is deliberately excluded from cyberspace.

    A European strategy for the information age must also celebrate the creative powers of the digital artisans. Because their labour cannot be deskilled or mechanised, members of the ‘virtual class’ exercise great control over their own work. Rather than succumbing to the fatalism of the Californian Ideology, we should embrace the Promethean possibilities of hypermedia. Within the limitations of the mixed economy, digital artisans are able to invent something completely new – something which has not beenpredicted in any sci-fi novel. These innovative forms of knowledge and communications will sample the achievements of others, including some aspects of the Californian Ideology. It is now impossible for any serious movement for social emancipation not to incorporate feminism, drug culture, gay liberation, ethnic identity and other issues pioneered by West Coast radicals. Similarly, any attempt to develop hypermedia within Europe will need some of the entrepreneurial zeal and can-do attitude championed by the Californian New Right. Yet, at the same time, the development of hypermedia means innovation, creativity and invention. There are no precedents for all aspects of the digital future. As pioneers of the new, the digital artisans need to reconnect themselves with the theory and practice ofproductive art. They are not just employees of others – or even would-be cybernetic entrepreneurs.

    They are also artist-engineers – designers of the next stage of modernity.

    Barbrook and Cameron rejected the idea of a straight replication of the Californian Ideology in a European context. Doing so, despite what is written in the media, is more like the rituals of a cargo cult. Instead they recommended fostering a new European culture to address the strengths, failings and contradictions implicit in the Californian Ideology.

    Chart of the month: consumer price increases vs. wage increases

    This one chart based on consumer price increases and wage increases from 2020 – 2024 tells you everything you need to know about UK consumer sentiment and the everyday struggle to make ends meet.

    Consumer prices vs. wage increases

    Things I have watched. 

    The Organization – Sydney Poitier’s last outing as Virgil Tibbs. The Organization as a title harks back to the 1950s, to back when the FBI were denying that the Mafia even existed. Organised crime in popular culture was thought to be a parallel corporation similar to corporate America, but crooked. It featured in the books of Richard Stark. This was despite law enforcement stumbling on the American mafia’s governing body in 1957. Part of this was down to the fact that the authorities believed that the American arm of the mafia were a bulwark against communism. Back to the film, it starts with an ingenious heist set piece and then develops through a series twists and turns through San Francisco. It was a surprisingly awarding film to watch.

    NakitaNakita is an early Luc Besson movie made after Subway and The Big Blue. It’s an action film that prioritises style and attitude over fidelity to tactical considerations. The junkies at the start of the film feel like refugees from a Mad Max film who have happened to invade a large French town at night. It is now considered part of the ‘cinéma du look’ film movement of the 1980s through to the early 1990s which also features films like Diva and Subway. Jean Reno’s character of Victor the Cleaner foreshadows his later breakout role as Leon. It was a style of its time drawing on similar vibes of more artistic TV ads, music videos, Michael Mann’s Miami Vice TV series and films Thief and Manhunter.

    Stephen Norrington’s original Blade film owes a lot to rave culture and cinéma du look as it does to the comic canon on which it’s based. It’s high energy and packed with personality rather like a darker version of the first Guardians of The Galaxy film. Blade as a character was influenced by blaxploitation characters like Shaft in a Marvel series about a team of vampire hunters. Watching the film almost three decades after it came out, it felt atemporal – from another dimension rather than from the past per se. Norrington’s career came off the rails after his adaption of The League of Extraordinary Gentlemen did badly at the box office and star Wesley Snipes went to jail for tax-related offences.

    The Magnificent Seven – I watched the film a couple of times during my childhood. John Sturges had already directed a number of iconic films: Bad Day at Black Rock and Gunfight at The OK Corral. With The Magnificent Seven, he borrowed from The Seven Samurai. It was a ‘Zappata western’ covering the period of the Mexican revolution and was shot in Cuernavaca, Mexico. The film did two things to childhood me: made me curious about Japanese cinema and storytelling. There are some connections to subsequent Spaghetti Westerns:

    • Sergio Leone’s A Fistful of Dollars (shot in 1964 would borrow from another Akira Kurosawa film Roshomon)
    • Eli Wallach played a complex Mexican villain in both The Magnificent Seven and Leone’s The Good, The Bad & The Ugly.
    • The visual styling of the film is similar to spaghetti westerns, though the clothes were still too clean, Yul Brynner’s role as the tragic hero in black is a world-away from the traditional Hollywood coding of the good guys wearing white hats (or US cavalry uniforms).
    • The tight, sparse dialogue set the standard for the Dollars Trilogy and action films moving forward
    • Zappata westerns were the fuel for more pro-leftist films in the spaghetti western genre. While The Magnificent Seven still has a decidedly western gaze, it took on racism surprisingly on the nose for a Hollywood film of this era.

    Watching it now as a more seasoned film watcher only sharpened my appreciation of The Magnificent Seven.

    Breaking News by Johnnie To feels as much about now as it when the film was shot 20 years ago. First time I watched it was on the back of a head rest on a Cathay Pacific flight at the time. Back then I was tired and just let the film wash over me. This time I took a more deliberate approach to appreciating the film. In the film the Hong Kong Police try and control and master the Hong Kong public opinion as a robbery goes wrong. However the Hong Kong Police don’t have it all their own way as the criminals wage their own information campaign. This film also has the usual tropes you expect from Hong Kong genre of heroic bloodshed films with amazing plot twists and choreographed action scenes along with the spectacular locations within Hong Kong itself. Watching it this time, I got to appreciate the details such as the cowardly dead-beat Dad Yip played by veteran character actor Suet Lam.

    Useful tools.

    Current and future uncertainties.

    current and future uncertainties

    This could be used as thought starters for thinking about business problems for horizon scanning and scenario planning. It’s ideal as fuel for you to then develop a client workshop from. But I wouldn’t use something this information dense in a client-facing document. You can download it as a high resolution PDF here.

    Guide to iPhone security

    Given the propensity of phone snatching to take over bank accounts and the need to secure work phones, the EFF guide to securing your iPhone has a useful set of reminders and how-to instructions for privacy and security settings here.

    Novel recommendations

    I got this from Neil Perkin, an LLM-driven fictional book recommendation engine. It has been trained on Goodreads (which reminds me I need to update my Goodreads profile). When I asked it for ‘modern spy novels with the class of John Le Carre’ it gave me Mick Herron’s Slow Horses, Chris Pavone’s The Expats and Chris Cumming’s The Trinity Six. All of which were solid recommendations.

    Smartphone tripod

    Whether it’s taking a picture of a workshop’s forest of post-it notes or an Instagrammable sunset a steady stand can be really useful. Peak Design (who were falsely accused of being a ‘snitch‘) have come up with a really elegant mobile tripod design that utilises the MagSafe section on the back of an iPhone.

    Apple Notes alternative

    I am a big fan of Apple Notes as an app. I draft in it, sync ideas and thoughts across devices using it. But for some people that might not work – different folks for different strokes. I was impressed bu the quality of Bear which is a multi-platform alternative to the default Notes app.

    The sales pitch.

    I am now taking bookings for strategic engagements; or discussions on permanent roles. Contact me here.

    More on what I have done here.

    bit.ly_gedstrategy

    The End.

    Ok this is the end of my February 2025 newsletter, I hope to see you all back here again in a month. Be excellent to each other and onward into March.

    Don’t forget to share if you found it useful, interesting or insightful.

    Get in touch if there is anything that you’d like to recommend for the newsletter.

  • November 2023 newsletter – fourth time unlucky?

    November 2023 newsletter introduction

    You’re still reading? Great! Welcome to my November 2023 newsletter which marks my 4th issue.

    Strategic outcomes

    I am not excessively superstitious – but living in Hong Kong rubbed off a bit on me.

    Golden Fortune Cookies

    I developed a love of milk tea, found the ‘hit women’ cathartic and am still leery of the number 4. 

    The number 4 is considered unlucky. In Hong Kong buildings, there is no fourth floor – in a similar way to their being no 13th floor in the UK high rise and office blocks. So I hope that this fourth issue doesn’t bring misfortune.

    The clocks have gone back and the sun rises reluctantly over the horizon every morning, disappearing earlier each afternoon, but that doesn’t mean that inspiration stops. And it will be Christmas before you know it.

    New reader?

    If is your first time reading, welcome to my November 2023 newsletter! You can find my regular writings here and more about me here

    Things I’ve written.

    • Dimensions of Luxury based on a mix of stuff that I have read from Sense Worldwide, Horizon Catalyst and books on luxury trends.
    • Every wondered why its dot com rather than full-stop com? So did I.
    • Analysis on IPSOS research on the value to brands of reputation.
    • MCN – multi-channel networks. A business type popular in China and Japan is taking a record label approach to a stable of influencers.
    • A little bit about the Whole Earth Catalogue and more things.
    • The Brand Vandals conversation – reflecting back on a conversation I had in 2012 with Wadds that became part his book Brand Vandals.
    online

    Books that I have read.

    • Material World: A Substantial Story of Our Past and Future by Ed Conway. Prior to working in advertising, I had a background in manufacturing and consider myself reasonably well read, but some of the material in Conway’s book was completely new to me. Its narrative approach reminds me of the vintage TV documentary series Connections presented by James Burke, that can be found on YouTube.
    • Beyond Disruption by W. Chan Kim and Renée Mauborgne. This book looked at non-disruptive innovation. This is diametrically opposed to the way innovation is discussed in Silicon Valley and the mainstream media. More on my view of it here.
    • The New Working Class by Claire Ainsley. In the advertising industry, we have an acute perception that we might not understand life outside the M25 as we think we do. I thankfully have friends and family in the North to keep me somewhat grounded from the metropolitan elite lifestyle that I lead. Until I read this book, I didn’t realise how grounded the advertising industry was compared to our counterparts in national politics. That this book had to be written is a damning indictment of how out of touch politicos actually are. 

    Things I have been inspired by.

    Project Gutenberg Open Audiobook project – Microsoft, and MIT have worked together to create thousands of free and open audiobooks using text-to-speech technology and Project Gutenberg’s open-access collection of e-books. Via Matt’s Webcurios newsletter.

    IPSOS research video seminar on Unlocking The Value of Reputation. This is the closest I have seen to making the case for earned media activities. The full whitepaper is available here. Thanks to Stuart Bruce for the link!

    My friend Ian recommended the Honest Broker newsletter to me and I have found it to be a great read alongside my long time subscription to Bill Bishop’s Sinocism.

    DDB Remedy’s meta analysis of marketing science work and academic scientific research on how emotion work for effective campaigns. How The Unexpected and Emotion Work to Influence Behaviour Change – focuses on how surprise when paired with emotion led creative had an increased impact. It all makes sense when you think about the power of salience and distinctiveness in communications; but it’s great to see that someone has drawn the multi-disciplinary research together in a cogent argument.

    SEMRush have published a report for 2024 trends in social media platforms: The Vision in a Social Era that is worth downloading and pillaging for ideas that can be sold into clients.

    I don’t know if inspired was the right term to use but I noticed 2023 Girlguiding Girl’s Attitudes survey thanks to a former colleague of mine from the start of my agency career. This is a survey that the Girlguiding movement has run over 15 years. Having freelanced on Dove’s ‘Real Beauty‘ campaign back in the day, this one statistic stood out to me.

    From the 2023 Girlguiding Girl's attitudes survey

    If I were the Dove UK brand director at Unilever, this chart would be pinned to my wall or have it as my laptop wallpaper. You can read the full survey here.

    It isn’t just a UK problem as this article on American teens gives more food for thought: What It’s Like to Be a 13-Year-Old Girl Today – The New York Times. It will be interesting to see if the Nike x Dove Body Confidence initiative makes a difference.

    DeBeers is returning to its ‘A Diamond Is Forever’ campaign. The print campaign image is beautiful with a great use of negative space. DeBeers is spending 20 million dollars on media in the US in China. In the US, I think this makes total sense.

    DeBeers
    DeBeers

    I don’t know how well it will work in China? There isn’t the mental model built up in west over decades around the campaign theme. While the wealthy in China realise that diamonds are recognised as a store of wealth – the guo chao mindset may see gold (and possibly jade) jewellery favoured by at least some younger consumers.

    This has been exacerbated by a decline in the number of marriages by just under 11% and a trend to prefer gold has an 18% reduction in diamonds sold in China over the past 12 months. In the meantime the sale of gold has risen by 12%. 

    I look forward to seeing how the campaign goes.

    According to Numerator, online retail platforms will be the big winners from Christmas shopping. The news for the food and beverage services sector isn’t so great.

    Finally ‘Knowledge is Power with Kidney Disease took me back to 1988. Rob Base has remade It Takes Two for Bohringer Ingelheim in the US to highlight the linkage between kidney disease and type two diabetes. The message is poignant as Base’s creative partner DJ EZ Rock died in 2014 and suffered from diabetes. 

    Producer DJ EZ Rock was responsible for the hype backing track based around Lynn Collins ‘Think (about it)’ and backing vocals from Rhonda Parris. (Parris has a short-lived recording career, releasing just one solo single No, No Love – a bit of a proto-House banger heavily influenced by freestyle if you like that kind of thing). Those that knew also had the Derek B remix of It Takes Two, with a heavy kick drum underpinning from a Roland TR-808 drum machine. 

    Things I have watched. 

    It’s cold and dark and I make no apology for my films being unapologetically escapist and and entertaining to try and counterweight the drab conditions. I do have some standards through and got material for this November 2023 newsletter.

    • Zerozerozero – follows a single drug deal between the Mexican cartel and the ’Ndrangheta. However things don’t go according to plan, so as the conspiracy unfolds we get a walk through the international drug trafficking trade across Latin America, Africa and Europe. This was done as a limited series, but I watched it as a boxset. It is directed by Stefano Sollima who did the Sicario films and Subarra.
    • Novembre – A French fictional dramatisation of the government response to coordinated terrorist attacks in Paris at Stade de France and the Bataclan concert venue through to the Saint Dennis raid that resulted in the death of police dog Diesel, which trended on social media with the #jesuisdiesel hashtag. Jean Dujardin shows the range of his ability as an actor from the comedy of his OSS117 film series, to the deadly seriousness of this film.
    • Diva – I originally watched Diva as part of the Moviedrome series of curated films introduced by Alex Cox. At the time Cox personally disliked the film due to it being ‘a film of style’ rather than narrative. I loved it and revisited it on Blu-Ray. It was sharper and I got to appreciate the Vladimir Cosma soundtrack with its mix of opera, classical music and avant-garde compositions.
    Alex Cox’s introduction to Diva for the much missed Moviedrome film seasons that used to run on BBC 2.
    • The Continental – Amazon Prime Video has some great tentpole content and The Continental adds to this. It’s a prequel of sorts to the John Wick universe and starts with a beautifully made feature length pilot. The action would find it hard to live up to the John Wick films, but the impeccable soundtrack manages to surpass them. The alternative past New York of the film has similar vibes to shows like Pennyworth and Gotham

    Useful tools

    Better Miro, Mural or Figjam alternative

    I have started using Milanote as an alternative to Miro for personal projects. Like Miro it has a mix of templates to get you started. There is an iPhone app and a native Mac app, so you don’t have to rely on running resource hungry pages in your internet browser of choice. It might even replace Omnigraffle in my personal software stack for some of the tasks that I do.

    Milanote

    The sales pitch.

    It was great to collaborate this month with my Hong Kong and Shanghai-based friends at Craft Associates on a prospective exciting new project. Now taking bookings for strategic engagements or discussions on permanent roles. Contact me here.

    The End.

    Ok this is the end of my November 2023 newsletter, I hope to see you all back here again in a month. Be excellent to each other. Let me know what you think or if you have any recommendations to be featured in forthcoming issues. 

  • Moviedrome

    Alex Cox

    One of the cultural things that most defined the 1980s for me was the Moviedrome series of films on BBC 2. Late on a Sunday night, audiences were introduced to films by film director and academic Alex Cox.

    Alex Cox and Jim Jarmusch with film programmer Cristina Cacioppo
    Alex Cox and Jim Jarmusch with film programmer Cristina Cacioppo

    Cox had a singular vision and an encyclopaedic knowledge that he used to showcase the film to be played with two to three minute introductions. He was like an art college mate that you could go and watch a film with at a midnight showing and then discuss it over a cup of coffee in a transport café afterwards, only for the different elements of the conversation to percolate through your thoughts on the drive home and over the next few days at work.

    He made the audience more literate and personally gave me a better appreciation of film. More importantly, Cox taught me to explore film, which is why I tend to be not that interested in having conversations about the James Bond series, but am more animated by Hong Kong cinema of the 1980s and the 1990s. Over time, I was able to go back and use sources like Wikipedia and IMDb and draw even more threads together to give me context about film and allow me to explore new things. but the framework was put in place by Alex Cox and his producer Nick Jones who where the original power house behind Moviedrome.

    IMDb

    While information has become more accessible online, it doesn’t mean that its necessarily accurate. At the time of me writing his post, according to the Moviedrome profile on IMDb, Alex Cox only presented the films until 1992. However you can find videos on YouTube for at least some of the introductions, such as Bring Me The Head of Alfredo Garcia that was shot in 1994.

    Curation and context

    Moviedrome also showed the power of curation and context settings. I would choose Alex Cox over Netflix every time if offered the choice. Alex Cox’s Moviedrome introductions are still sought out by people on YouTube, which shows that there is a latent interest in the concept. Mark Kermode was used in the introductory role by BFI’s online film player service, but it somehow lacks that singular vision. Kermode did a great short interview with Alex Cox on the making of Moviedrome below.

    Check out this introduction to Moviedrome when Mark Kermode interviews Alex Cox.

    Mark Cousins took over a relaunched Moviedrome from 1997 through to 2000. I haven’t included his seasons here. I never got to see the Cousins’ introductions. I was finishing college, working shifts and eventually moving city to live in a shared house. None of which was conducive to a regular date with the TV.

    By all accounts he did a good job to resurrect Moviedrome following on from Alex Cox and producer Nick Jones who had collaborated together on the first iteration of Moviedrome.

    Season 1

    Season 1 saw Alex Cox doe his first set of Moviedrome introductions in American style hotel room set with the cold cathode tube Moviedrome signage glinting through the window. One got the sense that the set was exceptionally flimsy.

    The Wickerman

    The Wickerman was an early 1970s classic of British horror before it appeared on Moviedrome. It had a steady viewership when it was shown late at night on television. Over time something about the hidden pagan cult on a remote Scottish island gave it a following outside the UK and it became a cult film in North America. There has since been a Hollywood remake and it also influenced the Scandinavian themed horror film Midsummer. Almost as important for me was Alex Cox explaining what a cult film was, which very much fitted into the eclectic taste that I had in films. He gave me a lexicon that helped me articulate and then fully understand my love of film.

    Electra Glide in Blue

    Cox pulled together a number of threads in his introduction to Electra Glide in Blue, some of the connections were quite strange and elegiac in a number of different ways. In some ways it was a motorcycle tribute with its Monument Valley setting to the John Ford westerns (like The Iron Horse), there was the influence of gay movie Scorpio Rising and also seeing it as response to Easy Rider. If it wasn’t for Cox’s analysis I wouldn’t have bothered watching it. It has a dissonant ‘odd’ feel to the film that was very ‘New Hollywood’ and a great supporting cast. Finally there is the Chicago connection. The soundtrack was done by members of Chicago and the film was directed by their former producer.

    Diva

    Maybe its the fact that I work in advertising that I am such a big fan of French thriller Diva, but Alex Cox’s Moviedrome critique of it being a film of style rather than narrative intrigued me rather than put me off to watch it. I still enjoy watching Diva immensely.

    Razorback

    I don’t usually watch horror movies that look as if they are a shelf filler at the local video rental shop. Which on the face of it was what Razorback looked like. The director has previously shot pop videos and brought a sense and style of sensibility to the film. There is also a well produced surreal dream-like sequence in the middle from one of the characters wondering back to civilisation dazed and dehydrated. Cox focused on the dark vision portrayed of Australian life; Crocodile Dundee without the humour. Sexism, a love of Elton John songs, slaughter houses, killing kangaroos for pet food and nasty characters that are asking to be killed. This is mostly achieved by the wild boar of the title.

    Big Wednesday

    Big Wednesday is a surfing drama based on the director’s early adulthood. Cox points out the military obsession of John Milius, whom he considers mad but at least honest about its madness. Milius had grown up in Malibu, some of his friends were drafted to Vietnam and he had surfed with serving members of the Marine Corp based out of Camp Pendleton. Milius had been turned down from serving in the US Marines due to asthma. Cox compared it to American Graffiti and Steven Spielberg famously thought that it was like ‘American Graffiti meets Jaws‘. I saw the sadness of The Deer Hunter at the centre of it, rather than American Graffiti, but I can see what Spielberg meant with the loss of innocence through the 1960s and into the early 1970s. Milius managed to get early 1970s surf legend Gerry Lopez to do some of the water scenes (Lopez is the surfer’s, surfer – the person to whom Kelly Slater looks up to). The Cox intro persuaded me to watch a film that I would have otherwise skipped over despite my love of Endless Summer.

    Fat City

    If you’d have asked me to watch a boxing movie like Raging Bull or Rocky I would have turned you down flat. They’ve never appealed. The Moviedrome introduction challenged my perception. Yes, Fat City is a film about boxers, but not really about boxing. Instead its about the conversations and relationships outside the ring. The camaraderie and kindness that bought them together during difficult times. At the time Cox noted that was unusual; I’d argue that its even rarer now.

    The Last Picture Show

    Alex Cox set The Last Picture Show up as a discussion about the use of black and white film as an artistic statements. This was the first black and while film to be shot after studios demanded a total pivot to colour in order to take advantage of colour televisions. As Cox himself noted, few film makers have done this since, yet it has been used to great effect in advertisements and music videos. His critique of why black and white hadn’t been embraced where appropriate was down to the inherent conservativism in Hollywood culture.

    Hollywood has certainly become more conservative since the decline of ‘New Hollywood’ and Cox’s career itself suffered after making Walker. The film has since been vindicated by its re-release by The Criterion Collection, while Hollywood has decided to instead regurgitate the Marvel universe on screen.

    The film itself is about the decline of a small town, with the last cinema closing. The characters seem to be doomed to make the same mistakes as previous generations and its a beauty capture of small town life and personalities.

    Barbarella

    Barbarella was something that I was vaguely aware of as I had seen stills showing its 1960s futurism with posts of lexan in the set design and Jane Fonda in knee boots. A number of my more art inclined friends had the poster in their bedroom, but hadn’t seen the film either.

    Alex Cox noted that the film was a (newspaper) comic book adaptation which was rare at the time. Modesty Blaise had been turned into a film, as had The Spirit which at that time had been adapted by ABC as a feature length one off. There were four Dick Tracy films in the post-war period and we were just over a year or so before Warren Beatty would play Dick Tracy alongside Madonna. This is all so vastly different to the Hollywood of today. He is brutally honest about the abilities of the director, but praises the actors, set and costume design.

    Barbarella introduced me to French sci-fi comics and the worlds of creators like Pierre Christin and Jean Giraud aka Moebius.

    The Hired Hand

    Spaghetti westerns had got into the American movie zeitgeist at the end of the 1960s and early 1970s. Clint Eastwood tried make films like Sergio Leone in High Plains Drifter and The Outlaw Josey Wales. Peter Fonda had his go after the success of Easy Rider with The Hired Hand. Cox in his introduction to this ‘acid western’ (aka New Hollywood ‘hippies’ trying to make Spaghetti Westerns) admitted that this wasn’t a great film. It is noticeable only for the performance of Warren Oates, someone who Cox characterised as the kind of actor that Peter Fonda, Dennis Hopper and Ed Harris all would have agreed was a great actor.

    I love spaghetti westerns and this homage is ok, but Cox would go on to show better examples of the western genre later on in the Moviedrome series.

    Johnny Guitar

    Johnny Guitar is one of the older films to feature on Moviedrome. The film was made in 1954 and as Cox told it, the film’s back story was as intricate as anything that appeared on screen. The film adapted a book that seems to have been written with one eye on it being a vehicle for Joan Crawford. The script was written by blacklisted leftists and the production shot by a cheap studio who wanted to try a new type of colour film.

    Professional rivalry saw Joan Crawford get very drunk and act out. While the film didn’t do that well at the US box office, it was lauded by members of the French new wave including François Truffaut. The reason why that happened is that the main characters are played against type and Crawford plays a blinder as a strong principled woman in the lead. ‘Johnny Guitar’ aka Sterling Hayden’s role is diminished to make room for her.

    All of this is playing out in a Hollywood being racked by McCarthyism at the time. Its an interesting Hollywood western, but it isn’t as big for me because I was watching at a different time and got to enjoy many of the high notes in European westerns before seeing Johnny Guitar.

    The Parallax View

    Nowadays psychometric tests and computer assisted recruitment are part of everyday life. The Parallax View highlighted these techniques in a kind of dark algorithm decades before private military contractors or QAnon.

    I had the Iran Contra scandal during my childhood, the EU Echelon report, 9/11, the war on terror, Edward Snowden and the false hunt for WMD since. All of which gives The Parallax View a different context for me today than viewers back in 1988.

    Alex Cox set a very different context for viewers back in 1988. He looked at The Parallax View from the perspective of the Kennedy assassination (he also hints at the Bobby Kennedy assassination as well). I remember watching The Parallax View a couple of years earlier in black and white one summer’s night on the family farm in rural east Galway with my uncle and grandmother. I watched it during Moviedrome and have watched it again since, including a screening at the BFI. I think it’s Warren Beatty’s standout film performance from his career.

    Now if you asked me about it, I would group it with Three Day of The Condor, The Conversation and All The President’s Men. All driven by a politically progressive drive to understand the truth around:

    It was out of this and other mysteries that conspiracy theorists grew into a cottage industry and spawned the likes of The X-Files and the Lone Gunmen.

    Today we seem to be living in a looking glass world, where the more reactionary members of society are searching for a ‘real truth’ often following nebulous clues on online forums.

    The Long Hair of Death

    The Long Hair of Death is an Italian horror film made in 1964. The film was made in black and white, this allowed Alex Cox to return to the point he made about The Last Picture Show, of how black and white films can look better.

    At the time Hammer studio and Roger Corman has been turning out lots of films in colour, many with a similar witchcraft theme to The Long Hair of Death. The Long Hair of Death uses a similar plot device to The Wickerman with people being burned alive in wicker structures. The Italian director behind this Antonio Margheriti went on to make a number of films with a theme about vengeance from beyond the grave. He made a variety of exploitation films through to 1997, including the Richard Harrison’s best spaghetti western Vengeance.

    Invasion of The Body Snatchers

    I think that I might have seen the Invasion of The Body Snatchers earlier than the Moviedrome screening, but I can remember the Alex Cox gave me a greater appreciation for what on the surface of it was a derivative black and white 1950s film. I can remember countless reproduction posters for the film on sale in the area around Matthew Street in Liverpool, The Palace and the Bluecoat Chamber indie shopping areas around the time that I watched this.

    According to a friend at the time, the poster was supposed to give people bad acid trips if they dropped their blotting paper in a room with this on the wall as it harshed their mellow.

    Alex Cox praises the original film and its remake as both being equally good. Invasion of The Body Snatchers in his view is a hybrid of science fiction and film noir, something that he compares to Kiss Me Deadly. He draws parallels in the film to the souless nature of modern American life in the 1950s which placed a higher emphasis on conformity prior to the existentialism that sprang out of the 1960s counterculture. There is also McCarthyism which blighted America during the 1950s. Don Siegel considered this the best film that he ever made. That is quite some claim given that his film history includes Clint Eastwood films: Dirty Harry, Escape from Alcatraz and Coogan’s Bluff.

    The Fly

    The Vincent Price film The Fly was featured in Moviedrome. I was only familiar with the David Cronenberg remake which featured the amazing Jeff Goldblum in probably his best screen performance. Vincent Price was also an amazing actor of both stage and screen. Alex Cox points out how The Fly was one of a number of films that mixed horror and science fiction as a commentary on the effects of nuclear radiation as part of a wider concern about nuclear war.

    In the US there was Them!, The Incredible Shrinking Man and Forbidden Planet. The UK had the Quatermass series of TV dramas and films. Japan had it’s kaiju films starting with Godzilla which were inspired by the Daigo Fukuryū Maru (第五福龍丸) exposure to fallout from the Castle Bravo hydrogen bomb tests.

    One From The Heart

    I had not come across One From The Heart before. Alex Cox provided context around the film in terms of it being Francis Ford Coppola’s film after Apocalypse Now. That it had been shot on the Zoetrope sound stages and was a flawed if admirable effort in storytelling and soundtrack selection, trying to have an almost music video level of narrative synergy.

    The film has great talent like Harry Dean Stanton in it, but I found it to be a curate’s egg. I also am not as enamoured with ‘New Hollywood‘, though each Marvel and Michael Bay film I see produced drives me closer to Mr Cox’s perspective.

    The Man Who Fell To Earth

    Most of the reviews you will read about The Man Who Fell To Earth will eulogise David Bowie’s performance. Alex Cox acknowledged it as probably the best of Bowie’s career. But Cox’s real interest in The Man Who Fell To Earth is the work of director Nicholas Roeg. Its a great example of his work. Typically his direction visually is very good. It’s the editorial: where Roeg excels with films that are structurally very complex and convoluted.

    The Good, The Bad and The Ugly

    Truth be told, I first watched The Good, The Bad and The Ugly when I was very young. If it was now, child services would probably have got involved. But back then, it just gave me a lifelong love of spaghetti westerns. By the time I watched it again on Moviedrome, I got to see it for at least the third or fourth time.

    Alex Cox points out that he considers The Good, The Bad and The Ugly is an overly long epic, that if released now (in 1988) would have easily won an Oscar. What I didn’t know until Moviedrome was the story of Richard Harrison recommended Clint Eastwood to Sergio Leone as a suitable protagonist in A Fistful of Dollars.

    Richard Harrison was a fitness instructor turned actor who got some small breaks in the Hollywood studio system due to his first wife being the daughter of a studio executive at American International Pictures who were known for producing exploitation films.

    He went on to shoot sword and sandal films in Italy, this then lead to spy films and spaghetti westerns. Eventually he worked around the world appearing in some Shaw Brothers films, Filipino productions for Silver Star Film Company and Yugoslavian productions.

    One-Eyed Jacks

    Marlon Brando’s self directed western One-Eyed Jacks can’t really hold a candle to the works of Sergio Leone. Its one of those films where the story behind the production is as interesting as the film itself. Alex Cox explained how Stanley Kubrick was linked to the film, but walked away as Brando was so hard to work with. Instead, Brando stepped into the director’s chair for only one time. An experience that left him dispirited and never directed again. Brando brought an obsessional level of detail and went full method in terms of his acting. The film is visually stunning.

    He got drunk with Karl Malden where a scene required them to be under the influence. As a western it’s not bad, but the hubris and mythology around the film’s production will only take you so far. For years you couldn’t get a nice version of it, but it looks lovely on Blu-Ray. The original 5-hour director’s cut is considered lost, which is probably for the best.

    Director Martin Scorsese is a fan of the film and championed a restoration of the film.

    Season two

    Season two of Moviedrome was arguably even more eclectic than season 1 and leant more heavily on films from the 1950s, but don’t let that put you off. In season 2, Cox moves out of the motel room set and pops up in drive through cinema which has been put together using some sketchy chromakey work. Cox seems to have shot his introductions in different places on the west coast of the United States from Los Angeles to the desert further south in the likes of New Mexico.

    The Man with X-Ray Eyes.

    The Man with X-Ray Eyes was an interesting choice of film by Alex Cox and Nick Jones. It was one of several films that Roger Corman directed. They could have picked any of his Edgar Allen Poe adaptions such as The Fall of The House of Usher, The Raven or The Masque of The Red Death. At one stage Roger Corman managed to make 20 films in Connemara, which is a barren area in the west of Galway, over a four year period. Alex Cox justifies screening The Man with X-Ray Eyes because it shows how Corman manages to take a ‘humanitarian stance’ whilst creating exploitation genre films.

    Jabberwocky

    Jabberwocky was a fantasy with the strain of the ridiculous that mirrors at least some of the work that Terry Gilliam had previously done with Monty Python. It was inspired by Lewis Carroll’s poem, Japanese kaiju films like Godzilla and a society that had gone berserk. The sense of the ridiculous was carried on to Gilliam’s other later films including Brazil and The Time Bandits. Alex Cox didn’t do an intro so much as recite the Lewis Carroll poem.

    Gilliam has been an iconoclast of a director and Jabberwocky is as good an introduction as any to his post-Monty Python work.

    D.O.A.

    D.O.A. like Scarface or The Irishman is one of them films that film people think that you should like. It’s cult in the sense that it has had an outsized impact for its budget. In many respects its a good solid film noir and was well shot.

    Cox points out that the film had by the time of broadcast preserved its cult status for 40 years and had been recently remade. He then went on to focus on soundtrack wolf whistle that happens every time an attractive lady appears on screen. Once you realise, it gets ridiculous.

    Prior to Moviedrome, D.O.A. had been shown on the BBC a number of times before. It didn’t feel ‘cult’ to me since it was a faithful standby film on late night British TV. Watching Derek Malcolm’s Film Club introduction made me appreciate the Moviedrome approach so much more. Malcolm sells D.O.A.; where as Cox got you to watch it because of its imperfections.

    Malcolm was the voice of authority, the kind of person who would watch the South Bank Show religiously. Cox was gently subversive by comparison.

    The Thing From Another World

    I was a huge John Carpenter fan, so when Alex Cox explains that The Thing From Another World was the original inspiration for Carpenter’s The Thing I was sold. He speculates that Howard Hawks may have been the actual director as the overlapping dialogue style was a signature of his.

    Cox then ties the crashed UFO premise in the plot with the proported Roswell Incident. Its hard to explain how popular UFOs and flying saucers were during the cold war and immediate post-cold war period. The interest then diminished after 9/11.

    The Incredible Shrinking Man

    Cox himself admitted that parts of The Incredible Shrinking Man were unintentionally funny. It isn’t the greatest science fiction film. What Alex Cox believed made the film unique was its political and moral stance. The film’s director Jack Arnold made a number of oddball science-fiction movies in the 1950s, including The Creature from the Black Lagoon and Tarantula. All his science-fiction films of that era seem to deal in one way or another with the atom bomb. He irradiated ants via nuclear test which then became giant creatures. Aliens from a planet ravaged by nuclear war take refuge on earth and a man who passes through a radioactive mist starts to shrink. The film explores some pretty profound issues and it would have been interesting viewing the film’s ending speech in the run up to the civil rights movement.

    The Incredible Shrinking Man came soon after the Japanese film Godzilla. Cox points out that during the mid 1950s, in the US film industry only Jack Arnold was exploring the issues and concerns around nuclear annihilation. And he was doing so though the medium of science fiction b-movies.

    The California Dolls

    The California Dolls is a film that I haven’t revisited since Moviedrome showed it back in 1989. It has a lot of good ingredients. Its directed by Robert Aldrich who had directed the Dirty Dozen and features Peter Falk who most people know from day time re-runs of Columbo.

    In the words of Alex Cox at the time

    Like all road movies, this one is about America and the death of the American dream. But unlike most other road movies, it isn’t elitist or obscure

    Alex Cox, Moviedrome

    It tries to answer how do the protagonists hold on to their self respect in a corrupt society where money is the only store of value? This was coming out of the economic turmoil of the late 1970s when America was racked by inflation, carpet baggers like Sir James Goldsmith and globalisation. In many respects it reminded me a lot of the Paul Newman ice hockey film Slap Shot.

    THX 1138

    In THX 1138, George Lucas arguably made his best film early on in his career. Cox gives us some of the legend that came up around the film. The name apparently came from George Lucas’ car registration plate. The film was funded by Francis Ford Coppola.

    Cox doesn’t think that its a great film because he considered to to be so alienated from real life. Ironically it feels more relevant now. The film made great use of brutalist architecture of what’s now the San Francisco BART mass transit system when filming. It draws on a number of influences such as Aldus Huxley’s Brave New World. There is also a similarity with the book version of Logan’s Run which came out as a film later. I think the coincidence with Logan’s Run is more a reaction to similar societal issues, a pivot to a more authoritarian world from the restless summers of the 1960s with race riots, anti-war protests and student sit-ins.

    Stardust Memories

    How meta does it get when you have a film about a film maker reflecting on in life and relationships that were in turn the inspiration for his films. This is the central concept behind Stardust Memories.

    It should be of no surprise that it was Woody Allen who made Stardust Memories. At the very least, the film seems to be an allegory of his life. Back when Moviedrome featured Stardust Memories, it was a few years before Allen’s relationship with Soon Yi Previn and allegations of child molestation would come out. I think Allen’s complicated legacy means that you wouldn’t see as an effusive praise heaped on Woody Allen today. Despite all that, I still enjoy his take on dystopian science-fiction with his 1973 film Sleeper which I watched one Saturday night during the summer on the family farm in rural Ireland.

    Night of The Comet

    Season two of Moviedrome focused heavily on 1950s b-movies and Night of The Comet fitted right in despite being made in 1984. Alex Cox points out how the stylistic aspects of the Night of The Comet including colour filters and time lapse can’t conceal a lack of drive in the narrative. At the time Alex Cox wouldn’t realise that this film would go on to influence Joss Wheldon. It’s also notable that the main protagonists are strong female characters.

    The Grissom Gang

    If the Night of The Comet was a 1950s style sci-fi b-movie shot in the 1980s, then The Grissom Gang could be best described as a James Cagney style gangster film shot in 1971.

    Alex Cox seems to have featured it because like The California Dolls earlier in the season, he considered it an under-appreciated Robert Aldrich film. He points out that the film is too brightly lit, which was common on Aldrich’s colour films. The film didn’t break new ground, it was good for what it was. But I didn’t bother re-watching it since.

    Ace In The Hole

    Billy Wilder did Ace In The Hole after Sunset Boulevard. Unlike Sunset Boulevard it didn’t do well at the box office, yet Wilder was said to be very proud of it as a film. Kirk Douglas plays a big city reporter stuck in the sticks who cynically exploits the plight of a man trapped in a cave on an indian reservation.

    Alex Cox highlighted that Billy Wilder wrote, produced and directed all his films and chose his collaborators carefully.

    Alphaville

    Alphaville had been on the radar of film fans as its one of the best known French new wave type films. Alex Cox celebrated director Jean-Luc Godard’s ability to create a science fiction film through careful cinematography in hotel halls, and use signage and reflections to provide a futuristic sheen to the film without the use of special effects.

    Two-Lane Blacktop

    Two-Lane Blacktop is a road movie with a hot rod car, a muscle car, a couple of drivers and mechanic who pick up a hitchhiker. Alex Cox considered to be a car equivalent of Easy Rider. It is more interesting to watch than say The Cannonball Run or Smokey and The Bandit – but that’s setting the bar pretty low.

    Trancers

    It’s a cheaply made but enjoyable science fiction film. Trancers has a film noir vibe. Protagonist Jack Deth is like a parody of Mike Hammer. It used industrial sites just outside Los Angeles as a good deal of its backdrop which matched its film noir feeling with the post-apocalyptic future. The film borrowed liberally from Blade Runner and the Terminator. Trancers improbably managed to go on to become a franchise of five films. This is probably due to incredibly tightly managed production budgets and the improbable content appetite of the video rental market at the time, rather than midnight cinema showings.

    Alex Cox critiqued the homeless people that looked too clean and highlighted a Father Christmas scene as his personal highlight of the film. He was right, like the cowboys in old Hollywood films the homeless people were too clean.

    The Buddy Holly Story

    Plane crashes devastated the music industry during the 1950s and 1960s. We lost Jim Reeves, Otis Redding, Hawkshaw Hawkins and most of the Bar Kays. But the crash that took Buddy Holly and friends probably had the biggest impact on music culture. The Buddy Holly Story gives a good account of Holly’s career.

    Alex Cox wasn’t enamoured with the film genre or the musical performances, but he did seem to be impressed with the way Gary Bussey managed to bring Buddy Holly to life as a likeable control freak.

    Five Easy Pieces

    I didn’t need Moviedrome to sell me on Five Easy Pieces, as a kid I loved films set around the oil industry. Back in the 1970s companies like Shell held open days and their oil refinery looked like a cathedral of aluminium clad pipes. Add to this the dramatic flames that flared up at night and I was hooked.

    Alex Cox in his introduction to the film highlights its numerous connections with Easy Rider. It was made by the same production company, both films featured Jack Nicholson and was shot by the same cinematographer. There is also a class aspect to the work, like Easy Rider, Five Easy Pieces celebrates the working man.

    Sweet Smell of Success

    Tony Curtis and Burt Lancaster don’t exactly sound like the kind of leads that you would have typically had in a cult film like the Sweet Smell of Success. Alex Cox focused on director Alexander MacKendrick who was born in Boston, Massachusetts but educated in Scotland. MacKendrick directed some of Ealing Studios most famous comedies, including Whiskey Galore and The Ladykillers. Sweet Smell of Success was his first American film; an incredibly funny indictment of the media and public relations and its influence of American life.

    Sunset Boulevard

    Season two of Moviedrome finished with the Billy Wilder film Sunset Boulevard. Alex Cox is a fan of Billy Wilder and this was the second of his films to feature in the second season. Sunset boulevard is a drama based in Hollywood, about Hollywood as it makes the transition from silent movies to the ‘talkies’ as films with audio were called back then.

    Season three

    Season three of Moviedrome started with one of my favourite films: John Carpenter’s Assault on Precinct 13. This was 1990, some 15 years before it would be remade by director Jean-François Richet. You had British classics Brazil and Get Carter, my first chambara film Yojimbo and a couple of great non-Sergio Leone spaghetti westerns A Bullet For The General and The Great Silence.

    The Terminator like Sunset Boulevard before it was an odd choice of cult film because of the way it blew up the box office. It’s almost like calling Jaws a cult film.

    On the face of it there is an eclectic collection, but there are some red threads running through the season beyond the film’s cult status. I didn’t appreciate all of the films in season three, but it did help me to understand what I did like in film.

    Season three leaned into a mid century America theme with Cox seen to be on a pre-war stainless steel rail carriage in what I suspect is supposed to ape a Pullman roomette leaving him in front of pre-war era American cinema with neon signage. I suspect that many of Cox’s introductions in season three were filmed in Almería and the surrounding area of southern Spain where Cox lived at the time.

    Assault on Precinct 13

    John Carpenter’s Assault on Precinct 13 works on so many levels. Its slow building tension punctuated by violence owes a lot to the pacing of spaghetti westerns. The sparse brooding electronic soundtrack (what would now be called synth wave) reminiscent goes together with the film like a Morricone soundtrack and a Sergio Leone film. Carpenter is a unique all-round talent in film making. Jean-François Richet’s remake of Assault on Precinct 13 gets some great performances out of Gabriel Byrne, Ethan Hawke, Drea DiMatteo, Brian Dennehy and Lawrence Fishburne. It has verve and is brutally kinetic, but all this comes at the expense of tension built up in Carpenter’s version.

    Alex Cox points out how director John Carpenter borrowed from Hollywood classics Night of the Living Dead and Rio Bravo. Some of the dialogue lines even come from Sergio Leone’s Once Upon a Time In The West. (In some respects this was Tarantino’s method done before Quentin Tarantino was even making film). In true Moviedrome fashion he points out that the acting is awful, as was the costume design. There are only two women in the film and they both wear identical sweaters with an identical fit, (this could have been to save on special effects if they might be used).

    Cox goes on to point out that the later They Live is probably Carpenter’s best film, that it has a similar messy violent ending to Assault on Precinct 13. The premise of Yuppies as aliens exploiting the poor humans was a unique idea that gave They Live the leg up. I think both films are fantastic, but then I am much more of a John Carpenter fan than Alex Cox seems to be.

    The last point I would note is how the Moviedrome guide which accompanied season three (and also included details of previous seasons) suggested sources for movie still photography and soundtracks, but not copies of the films themselves on laserdisc or video tape. Thinking back to my own memory of purchasing films, it only started a year or two later, initially with John Woo films from Manga Entertainment and a company whose name I can’t remember but put out spaghetti westerns including Keoma and Requiscante on VHS format tapes.

    Brazil

    Brazil is the second Gilliam film featured on Moviedrome. Season two had featured is post Monty Python directorial debut Jabberwocky. Brazil was a big studio film, but the studios didn’t like what they got.

    Alex Cox in his introduction traces Gilliam’s influences including the American MAD comics, France’s Métal Hurlant graphic novels and Soviet director Sergei Eisenstein. Gilliam said that he was inspired by being in the middle of a police riot in Los Angeles and the industrial landscape of Welsh steel town Port Talbot. Cox uses Brazil as a case study in what can befall a film in the studio system including insensitive edits and non-releases. What I didn’t realise until Cox mentioned it was that Brazil was part two of a trilogy that starts with The Time Bandits and finishes with The Adventures of Baron Munchausen all three of which are about the ‘subjugation of magic to realism’.

    Get Carter

    From magical realism to dark realism. Get Carter catches the corrupt criminal Newcastle of the 1960s with its crumbling Victorian tenement housing and fine historic being replaced by brutalist architecture that was no better. A few years later former council leader T Dan Smith would be involved in a corruption trial that would bring down members of the conservative government. T Dan Smith was also responsible for a flourishing of the arts and further education in Newcastle, much of which tends to be forgotten; as was his dream of a ‘Brasilia of the north’.

    Cox focuses on Get Carter being an ugly nasty gangster film in terms of its realism compared to the likes of the Kray brothers and compares it favourably to similarly themed films including Brighton Rock and Villain. Michael Caine plays the role really well and Mike Hodges keeps the plot running along at a rate of knots. Almost two decades later in The Guardian Cox argued that the darkness in the film had been misinterpreted by many has a criticism of ‘red trade unionism’ and a malaise of nationalised industries, which just wasnt the case. He also made some good points on how the British film industry was reshaping our collective view of recent history.

    Goin’ South

    Goin’ South is a Jack Nicholson vehicle. I am not the biggest fan, as Jack Nicholson tends to play Jack Nicholson. I came of age as an independent cinema goer around about the time of The Witches of Eastwick, and his pantomime Joker performance in Batman which also might have something to do with my view on Jack Nicholson films in general. Goin’ South is from that time when the creative energy had ebbed out of Hollywood westerns.

    Alex Cox talks about the film in terms of it’s links to Easy Rider in terms of the film makers. He also points out that the movie was made at the La Joya ranch in Mexico where John Wayne had made many films. It lacked the interesting performances that other western films had and the Spaghetti western aesthetic that Eastwood brought with him back to Hollywood productions. While Cox liked seeing Nicholson alongside Belushi and DeVito, I still don’t understand what makes this a Moviedrome worthy film?

    Dead of Night

    Dead of Night is a British anthology horror movie made at Ealing Studios during the second world war. It is well directed and shot, I can agree with Alex Cox that its a wonderfully made film for what it is. But again struggle to understand why it was a cult film. I enjoyed watching it at the time, but have never looked at it again since.

    The Terminator

    It’s a bit odd thinking of The Terminator as a cult film, but it is a great film, apart from some more matte effects. Cox saw a clear parallel with other 1980s LA science fiction films like Trancers due to its punk aesthetic. He makes the point that The Terminator is better due to its script and its villain. He also reveals the debt that Cameron owed to an old episode of The Outer Limits called The Soldier where an assassin from the future returns to the present.

    The Honeymoon Killers

    The Honeymoon Killers is a bleak film about an odd couple where the woman insists on going along with her criminal boyfriend on his escapades. This involves him killing women he has befriended or married. Its cheaply made, but gets better as it goes on. Alex Cox liked that it had a similar visual look and feel to Night of The Living Dead.

    Ulzana’s Raid

    It wouldn’t be Moviedrome if there wasn’t a Robert Aldrich film or two in a season. Ulzana’s Raid was considered to be an allegory to the Vietnam conflict by some critics. It is notable that the film shows the horror and moral ambiguity of war.

    The Loved One

    The Loved One is less of a cult film than a teachable lesson in how not to do film making. Based on a novel by Evelyn Waugh, the writers managed to mess with a perfectly good story. Not even a guest performance by Liberace as a coffin salesman can save the film. You can hear Alex Cox’ take here. Unsurprisingly the film doesn’t seem to have been published on Blu-Ray.

    An American Werewolf in London

    I seem to remember this being a popular film during my time in secondary school and it having been screened a few times on TV prior to its appearance on Moviedrome. As Alex Cox points out An American Werewolf in London follows the well trodden rules of what a werewolf film should be. Many werewolf films were a bit hokey. An American Werewolf in London cut through the clutter, particularly with its transformation scenes to my young mind. Looking back at Michael Jackson’s Thriller video, you can see the stylistic similarities between it and An American Werewolf in London. In 2017 Landis spoke to The Guardian about the making of Thriller.

    There were things that I didn’t notice at the time which Alex Cox captures in his introduction. The fact that the sound track manages to cram so many songs in with moon in the title, like a demented Spotify play list and its dedication to Prince Charles and Diana on the occasion of their wedding. Alex Cox points out that this cheesy brand of patriotism could only have come from an American. This season was a couple of years before Andrew Morton’s book exposed the marital problems that Charles and Diana were having to a wider public audience.

    Its also hard to believe that the same John Landis who directed the Blues Brothers and National Lampoon’s Animal House directed An American Werewolf in London.

    Yojimbo

    Moviedrome was my gateway to the films of Akira Kurosawa with the showing of Yojimbo. It was sufficiently influential to me that I named this blog partly after the genre of film that Yojimbo belongs to. As Alex Cox pointed out, Yojimbo was the inspiration of A Fistful of Dollars – the start of Sergio Leone’s dollar trilogy of spaghetti westerns. It is important because it is beyond good versus evil type stories and based around an antihero. Alex Cox pointed out that while Akira Kurosawa was considered to be worthy of an Oscar lifetime achievement ward, he felt ashamed at how little he had learned in 50 years of film-making, and that he would have to keep working until he died, in the hope that he would one day get it right. Which says a lot about how he viewed his craft.

    A Wedding

    A Wedding is a Robert Altman film feating Mia Farrow. Its one of them films that I am supposed to like but feel ambivalent about. But thanks to Alex Cox, at least I can have an opinion about it. I am not quite sure how it earned its cult status and I’d only recommend it to Robert Altman completists. I have nothing against Mr Altman per se and loved M*A*S*H which I felt was one of the best comedies about the carnage of war and how the Vietnam war was affecting American society. It entertained but also touched you. A Wedding is not M*A*S*H.

    A Wedding explores class and prejudice in America. The bride’s family don’t like the Italian heritage of the groom.

    Phenix City Story

    The Phenix City Story is an exposé film like Reefer Madness or the Buford Pusser biopic Walking Tall. Alex Cox considered it an early example of ‘product placement’ on screen. It is the story of slot machine vendors and card sharps operating in Alabama in the years following the Second World War. African Americans were noticeable by their absence.

    Walk on The Wild Side

    In Walk on The Wild Side a rural boy is entangled with artist who has become a prostitute. Its an early role for Jane Fonda.

    Alex Cox commented more about the periphery of the film. The New Orleans locations were later copied by other films. The film is set in the United States of the 1930s, but it could just as the America of Reagan and George Bush senior; the homeless hero, widespread unemployment and drivers won’t stop to pick up hitch-hikers. The most famous element of the film, by the way, isn’t the acting or the directing or any of that stuff. It’s the title sequence, designed by Saul Bass. Bass was famous for film posters and graphic design of title sequences from the 1950s onwards.

    The Great Silence

    The Great Silence probably one of the most dystopian spaghetti western movies you will ever see. Alex Cox described it as it “the most horrible ending of any film I’ve ever seen. It was considered too grim that the producers asked Corbucci to shoot another. Apparently, that version played in certain Middle Eastern countries, where spaghetti westerns, like action films were popular, but they have to had a happy ending.

    It is an amazing film, but its similarity to Clint Eastwood’s pale imitation Joe Kidd killed the chance of The Great Silence from being screened in the United States.

    A Bullet For The General

    There is a genre of spaghetti western films called Zapata westerns. These were based around the Mexican revolution, even though they were shot in southern Spain. These films often had a left leaning political message. In A Bullet For The General Lou Castell plays an American mercenary hired to kill a revolutionary leader. He uses a naive Gian Carlo Volante as a way to get access to the revolutionary.

    Down by Law

    Jim Jarmusch is a director that Alex Cox is a bit of a fan of. One thing Cox also likes is black and white films. Down by Law is black and white film made in 1986 about two protagonists who were fitted up for a crime and helped to escape by a murderer.

    Season four

    By the time season four of Moviedrome the series was an institution with me and my friends. We’d discuss the films that we liked and the one’s that we were most looking forward to. This season’s intro breaks the fourth wall and shows a US dinner’s interior that is inside a sound stage.

    The Beguiled

    The Beguiled is a curate’s egg of a western with Clint Eastwood as an injured civil war soldier in an odd community of women. Alex Cox used it as a way of telling the story of Clint Eastwood and Don Siegel. I wouldn’t say that The Beguiled is a cult film, but its not a bad film to watch.

    Vamp

    Vamp is a camp horror film featuring Grace Jones and set design by Keith Haring and Andy Warhol. Its a bit better than Andy Warhol’s factory films with way higher production values. Its the kind of weird curio that was a signature of Moviedrome. I wouldn’t watch the film again, but it isn’t bad.

    Knightriders

    Knightriders features Ed Harris and is directed by George A Romero. Despite being a George A Romero film, it doesn’t involve horror. Alex Cox used his introduction to explain the American phenomenon of renaissance fairs, which includes jousting competitions.

    Bizarrely in Knightriders this jousting happens with the knights mounted on motorcycles.

    Something Wild

    Something Wild is one of them romantic comedies that were always available at the video rental shop. They had some actors that you had heard of, but you never knew anyone who had actually watched it. In this case, the film is a bit more risqué than normal for an American rom com with Melanie Griffith in PVC and the occasional pair of handcuffs – in some ways it feels a little bit like British cinema. Alex Cox praised its ‘weird twist’ and a soundtrack including featuring John Cale, Laurie Anderson, David Byrne, Celia Cruz, Big Audio Dynamite, Big Youth and The Fine Young Cannibals. Director Jonathan Demme went on to make Philadelphia in 1993, one of Tom Hanks best films ever and a number of music documentaries.

    Carnival of Souls

    Carnival of Souls has oodles of cinematic style in a 1960s horror film. The weird thing about it is that the film wasn’t shot in the likes of Italy, but in Laurence, Kansas by the director, his neighbours and people from his community.

    Carnival of Souls may sometimes look like it has shots missing (even the ‘restored’ version has charmingly ragged edges). But minute for minute it is better entertainment, and has better direction and more inspired performances, than films costing tens of millions more.

    Alex Cox for Moviedrome on Carnival of Souls

    Badlands

    Alex Cox has a thing for murder spree films. Previously he’d featured the Honeymoon Killers on Moviedrome. Badlands is a better film with a young Martin Sheen playing one of the protagonists alongside Sissy Spacek. The film was very successful at the box office, which is rare for a film that is also artistically acclaimed. Cox focused on Badlands director Terence Malick. He only directed a couple of films and did script doctoring

    The Prowler

    I can barely remember anything about The Prowler save that it was a 1950s era film focused on police corruption. Going back to notes from the time, I see that Alex Cox focused on the director in his introduction. Joseph Losey had a string of films behind him when he was blacklisted during the McCarthy era of Hollywood. He left to go to Europe and made a succession of films under a pseudonym that were even more successful than his earlier US films including one with a young Alain Delon.

    Performance

    The UK had a golden era of gangster films before Tamer Hassan, Vinnie Jones or Craig Fairbass. Performance was one of the greats alongside Richard Burton’s Villain and Michael Caine’s Get Carter, which featured earlier on in Moviedrome. Performance captures ‘swinging London’ in the 1960s with Anita Pallenberg, Mick Jagger and a young James Fox as the titular gangster of the film.

    At Close Range

    At Close Range is a crime film, but one with some fantastic acting talent including Christopher Walken and a young Sean Penn. At Close Range is a stylish film not that far off a ‘Brat Pack’ movie meets early ‘Michael Mann’.

    Alex Cox’s introduction points out that the film is made by the scions of Hollywood royalty and the positive trajectory of their subsequent careers. The script writer gets a fair bit of consideration. His father had shopped colleagues during the McCarthy era and went on to work on On The Waterfront. And in this film he has a son testify against his father in another trial.

    The Duellists

    The Duellists is the most un-Ridley Scott film you are likely to see from the director. It makes more sense that David Putnam was involved as well. It is an adaption of Joseph Conrad’s The Duellists. It is stylish but not particularly engaging as a film.

    Cape Fear

    As a child, I was more used to Robert Mitchum as an old character actor in made for TV specials that used to be popular like The Winds of War. Looking at Cape Fear makes you realise that he was a mid-century equivalent of Robert De Niro. I got to see Robert De Niro playing the Robert Mitchum character in a Martin Scorsese remake of the film pretty soon after I saw the original. Back then I spent a lot of time at then new cinema complex at the Croft retail park.

    The Music Lovers

    The Music Lovers allowed Alex Cox to tick the box for British cinema lovers by including a Ken Russell film. I always thought that Ken Russell was well regarded and and productive film director. Cox pointed out that Russell was not flavour of the month with many film critics which came as a surprise to me. It is based on the life of Russian composer Peter Ilych Tchaikovsky who marries as a way to deal with his homosexuality and things don’t work out the way he planned.

    Manhunter

    Michael Mann managed to make Alex Cox’s list at last. Manhunter is based on Red Dragon, the first book in the Hannibal Lector series of books by Thomas Harris. Mann gave Miami Vice its style and verve. He brings a clean white-out aesthetic to the series of films that is a sharp contrast to Silence of The Lambs which had been released around the time of the Moviedrome episode. Alex Cox focuses on the comparison of the Lecters: Brian Cox and Anthony Hopkins and Hollywood’s obsession with Englishmen as villains. FBI Agent Gately was played by William Petersen, whom many people know better as the CSI character Gil Grissom.

    Hell’s Angels on Wheels

    Hell’s Angels on Wheels made Alex Cox’s selection for a number of reasons. Firstly, it is shot by the same people who did Easy Rider the following year. Yet it is a very different film from Easy Rider. The rebels are the heroes, but the film action is pretty staid, all be it with a fair amount of sexual tension. Alex Cox focuses on the subsequent storied careers of those involved from Easy Rider to E.T.

    Rumble Fish

    Like some of the other films in the series, you could argue that Rumble Fish is a classic rather than a cult film. It had top shelf stars in it like Matt Dillon. What I didn’t realise until watching the Alex Cox introduction was the Rumble Fish was shot back-to-back with a movie adaptation of The Outsiders. In this respect I was reminded of the relationship between Wong Kar Wai’s Ashes of Time and Jeff Lau’s The Eagle Shooting Heroes – both riffed off Louis Cha’s novel The Legend of the Condor Heroes. The idea of a letter from a high school class getting Coppola interested in a book to movie project like The Outsiders, seems quaint now. It is hard to believe that Hollywood worked that way. Rumble Fish was an adaption of another book by The Outsiders author.

    Rumble Fish was in black and white and has an art house feel to it.

    Whatever Happened to Baby Jane?

    Whatever Happened to Baby Jane continued the theme of showing Robert Aldrich films by Alex Cox. You have two Hollywood greats: Joan Crawford and Bette Davies as the protagonists. I didn’t realise until I watched the introduction that Aldrich had also done sequels of a sort.

    Solaris

    Solaris is a classic of Soviet cinema. I loved the way they shot some b-roll footage in Tokyo to try and pretend that it was the Russia of the future with weaving flyovers and Toyota saloons. Interestingly, Alex Cox compared it to The Shining whereas most people compared it to 2001: A Space Odyssey. It was directed by Andrei Tarkovsky and according to Alex Cox was one of the shortest of his films. The film is extraordinary, but I also remember how Cox very honestly admitted how little he knew about Soviet cinema and culture at the time. He described the film as conceptually better than 2001: A Space Odyssey.

    Mishima: a life in four parts

    The little I knew of Yukio Mishima before this showing was that he had written a couple of good books, that I am attempting to read at the moment and had right wing views. It is interesting that his biopic Mishima: a life in four parts was directed by American Paul Schrader. Relatives of Yukio Mishima had a say in the film leading to relative restraint in the portrayal of his gay lifestyle.

    Schrader came up with a film that is complex, beautifully made with a great soundtrack and very divisive. The Japanese film establishment hated it. Yukio Mishima is the kind of character that was taboo to talk about at the time.

    Cox was known for his sympathies towards left wing regimes like the Sandinistas (at the time this was made, Ronald Reagan had only just left office less than two years before), so I was curious what Cox would make of it. He treated the film surprisingly even handedly. Mishima is a complex character and I am sure the Moviedrome presenter appreciated that. Its also hard to associate the film that you watch with Schrader’s other works like Taxi Driver.

    Season five

    Season four had zig-zagged through film at a rate of knots that I didn’t know what to expect of Moviedrome season five. The first episode opened with a curious double bill Mad Max 2 and F for Fake. The title sequence riffed on King Kong, the building entrance featured instead of the Empire State Building was the then base of the BBC World Service at Bush House on Aldwych.

    Mad Max 2

    The George Miller directed film Mad Max 2 made a star of Mel Gibson and was visual shorthand for dystopian landscapes for years afterwards. It also reminded me of an old Hollywood western from the likes of John Ford. The villains in biker gear and bondage wear while the good guys were pale clothing more in tune with the desert conditions or animal pelts.

    The protagonist anti-hero wears biker gear that has seen better days. Alex Cox points out that Mad Max 2 is a better sequel than the original and then compares this to the relationship between A Fistful of Dollars and For A Few Dollars More.

    F for Fake

    F for Fake is one of Orson Welles’ later films made in 1973. It is done in a documentary style about various forgers and con artists, with a strong implication that Welles and his career are as much fakery as anything else. That’s unfair to Welles the artist. Alex Cox talked about how Welles had suffered unfairly after being black-listed as a communist by Hollywood. Something that would dog is post-war career. It also affected the critical viewpoint on films like Citizen Kane for American film experts.

    F for Fake is emblematic of Welles is later output and it is cleverly done, but you get the sense of it being made with limitations.

    Dead Ringers and Rabid

    This entire evening was based on the film career of David Cronenberg. What I didn’t realise until this screening was that Cronenberg had started studying biochemistry before pivoting to English in college. This probably influenced his early films like Rabid. Rabid is essentially a Canadian take on a typical Dario Argento movie. I could imagine Argento having done an Italian version of Cronenberg’s Scanners too.

    Dead Ringers is the kind of mystery that Britain used to turn out in the 1940s, all be it much more graphic in nature. The casting of Jeremy Irons as the protagonist improved the polish and general characterisation of the film’s main characters. The big mystery for me was why Videodrome wasn’t in this double bill.

    Junior Bonner

    Modern western movie Junior Bonner is an atypical Sam Peckinpah film. Steve McQueen plays a modern-day rodeo cowboy rather than the typical It was also an odd film to choose as a vehicle to talk about Peckinpah’s career. I didn’t realise until Alex Cox mentioned it that Peckinpah started in TV production during the 1950s and then moved to the movie industry. This is fascinating as most of the talent traffic pivoted the other way in the late 1960s. By the time you get television shows from the 1970s; most Hollywood actors were metaphorically down on their luck guesting on shows like The Love Boat, Buck Rogers in The 23rd Century and CHIPs.

    The Serpent and The Rainbow

    The Serpent and The Rainbow was filmed in the Dominican Republic and Haiti by director Wes Craven. Alex Cox used the opportunity to talk about Craven’s more influential films The Hills Have Eyes, A Nightmare on Elm Street and People Under the Stairs. All of which makes it odder that Cox chose this film over the others to feature in Moviedrome. I like it as I think it has some great actors like Cathy Tyson and Bill Pullman in the film.

    Les Diaboliques

    At first glance, Les Diaboliques is a French language murder film. Alex Cox praised for its ability to frighten audiences and I recommend sticking with it through to the end. The film also became a vehicle for Cox to tell the audience off for their reluctance to watch foreign language films. The director also made Wages of Fear. A film about trucking explosives across South America.

    The Spider’s Stratagem

    The Spider’s Stratagem is an Italian film made by Bernardo Bertolucci. He is more famous for The Last Emperor and Last Tango in Paris. The Spider’s Stratagem was originally made for Italian television and addressed the murder of a man by fascists. The excesses of the fascist era were still an area of sensitivity for Italians. Despite being an interesting film, I can’t find any evidence that The Spider’s Stratagem never made it to DVD, Blu-Ray or streaming service for English language viewers.

    Escape from New York

    Escape from New York features amazing performances by Kurt Russell and Lee van Cleef. Alex Cox doesn’t hold Escape from New York in the same regard that I do. So its interesting that he was prepared to have it in Moviedrome instead of They Live. It turns out that Cox took issues with special effects created for the film by James Cameron.

    Alligator

    Alligator was screened as a double bill with Q The Winged Serpent and I didn’t remember watching Alligator at all, but do vividly remember Q. You can see Alex Cox’s introduction to Alligator here. His introduction to Alligator is chock full of movie trivia, but not necessarily a reason to watch the film.

    Q The Winged Serpent

    Q The Winged Serpent is something I vividly remember watching on Moviedrome. Its Ray Harryhausen type monster and a plot line involving an Aztec god were really impressive. There was something about the ambience of the film which also gelled with the Kolchak The Night Stalker TV series which was running on late night television about the same time. Both were shot in what feels like was supposed to be early 1970s New York and both could have existed in a shared universe. The reality was that Q came out in 1982.

    Alex Cox points out the hybrid slasher movie meets King Kong high concept to Q and introduces the film’s real star: the Chrysler Building. He also admits that the director doesn’t have taste but praises his guerrilla approach to film making which regularly got him in trouble with the city authorities and the police.

    Wise Blood

    Wise Blood was interesting as a film to me because of its core idea of a man trying to form a ‘Church of Truth Without Christ’ which I found intriguing. I thought that it touched on the essential need for people to have rituals and order, even if they didn’t have faith in their lives. The setting of the film feels atemporal in nature. While it is supposed to start in the post war period it doesn’t stay that way. The film meanders along with what Alex Cox called a ‘strange dark quality’ more like one would expect from a European art film. The film was directed by John Huston and funded by a German film company. Like Diva shown during the first season of Moviedrome this a film about atmosphere and vibe rather than storyline.

    Witchfinder General

    Witchfinder General was the second part of a Moviedrome double bill alongside Wise Blood. The grouping didn’t really make that much sense. The film like Hammer Studios horror films was regularly shown on British TV at the time. But don’t let that put you off. Vincent Price does a fantastic job as the protagonist Matthew Hopkins, a historical figure who chased down witches and warlocks in England. There is something other-worldly about the ‘day for night’ shots that appear in this and other similar films.

    Lolita

    I don’t know if Lolita would be called a cult film today. It might be considered to be a classic. It has great stars like James Mason, Shirley Winters and Peter Sellers. Adrian Lyne filmed a remake with Jeremy Irons as the protagonist in 1997, however in the current environment with concerns about child safety and sky high anxiety levels I couldn’t imagine it being made today at all. From the perspective of a film expert in 1992, a young Stanley Kubrick managed to pull off a miracle by filming an unfilmable book by Russian author Vladimir Nabokov.

    Cox went on to talk about Kubrick not being the untouchable director that most film experts treated him as at the time.

    …I would be delinquent in my iconoclastic duty if I didn’t add that I think Stanley has lately taken to pulling the odd fast one. Not that it’s necessarily his fault – he’s been so lionized by the movie critics of this planet that he’s become uncriticizable. I think both The Shining and Full Metal Jacket are seriously inadequate films, but you wouldn’t find many professional pundits who’ll admit to anything like that. They’re all so afraid of Kubrick, and so desperate to find out what he’s up to, and to be among the first to see his next long-awaited offering, that the average review of a new Kubrick movie reads like a press release from the distributor. Is no one brave enough to opine that Full Metal Jacket should have been shot on location? Does not one lone dissenting voice feel that The Shining was a boring film?

    Alex Cox – Moviedrome

    Play Misty for Me

    Clint Eastwood directed Play Misty for Me – the story of a late night radio disc jockey whose life is affected by a romantic event with what would now be called a ‘stan’. As a film this feels very now in terms of its subject matter and the increased accessibility of influencers and celebrities. I don’t know if its a cult film as its well known and generally quite popular. Although it is an American film, there is something about it that reminds me of 1970s and 1980s European ‘giallo’ films.

    Alex Cox points out how Clint Eastwood uses many of the motifs found in Don Seagal films as part of Play Misty for Me. He compares it to Dario Argento’s works as well.

    Walker

    Walker was the high point of Alex Cox’s film making career and the one that probably permanently closed the door for him in Hollywood. It features Ed Harris and tells the tale of a 19th century American mercenary who ends up as the president of Nicaragua. Back in 1987, there were clear parallels with the Contras. One could also point out the similarity to Eric Prince of Blackwater and Frontier Services Group fame.

    Cox doesn’t critique his own film, but instead reads a review from the BFI which compares it to Werner Herzog, Sam Peckinpah and Alejandro Jodorowsky. I think the comparison with Peckinpah and Herzog are certainly fair.

    The film got its cult status primarily from its lack of commercial success, yet high quality – which is why it was released on Blu Ray by The Criterion Collection.

    Tracks

    Tracks now seems unremarkable given the number of more recently produced films about returning war dead. At the time it was interesting as it directly addressed America’s involvement in Vietnam. A lot of its atmosphere comes from the film being shot on Amtrak trains, giving it an other-worldly feel. You can find out what Cox thought about the film on Moviedrome here.

    The Day of the Locust

    The Day of the Locust is a classic example of an odd type of film to me. It is a period film, but is shot in a manner that makes you believe that it could have been made back in the 1950s or 1960s. Alex Cox pointed out that Hollywood universally seems to show the inside of the film business in a largely negative light.

    The Big Knife

    The Big Knife is yet another Robert Aldrich film featured on Moviedrome. The most interesting aspect of the film for me was how young Jack Palance looked like a real heart throb rather than a villainous stone cold killer – which were the kind of performances that made up most of his career. Its a good film noir genre film that just happens to be set in the middle of Hollywood. Palance plays a complicated character under pressure from his studio.

    Season six

    What I didn’t know at the time was the season six would be pen-ultimate season of Moviedrome. We see Cox as an old time cinema organist as he hams it up on screen in various black and white films. This season would see Django appearing alongside some other lesser known spaghetti westerns and the surprisingly under-watched Sean Connery film The Hill.

    Darkman

    Darkman is a character created by Sam Raimi that feels very much today like a comic book franchise. In this case, the comic books and novels span off the film rather than the film adapting comics. You can see aspects of Universal’s monster characters in there, a bit of Batman, Mr Hyde, The Spirit and the Punisher. If he’s a comic book character he’s aimed at the young adult and adult reader.

    Cox laments that the film doesn’t have the creativity of Raimi’s Evil Dead franchise. I like Darkman. I think it has a great cast including Liam Neeson, Frances McDormand and Bruce Campbell.

    House of Games

    For the life of me, I couldn’t remember House of Games at all. Alex Cox praised it principally for its titles and the typography design.

    Escape from Alcatraz

    Don Siegel’s Escape from Alcatraz was show on TV a number of times before it appeared on Moviedrome. I also remember the iconic poster design on videos peering down in the video rental shop, it was a well watched film during the 1980s before it appeared on Moviedrome. I don’t think that it fits into the conventional cult film definition. Alex Cox’s introduction talked about how Patrick McGoohan had gone from playing number six in The Prisoner, to playing the prison warden in Escape from Alcatraz.

    There is also a certain symmetry between Clint Eastwoods portrayal of San Francisco police detective ‘Dirty’ Harry Callaghan and Alcatraz inmate Frank Morris.

    A Man Escaped

    I don’t remember A Man Escaped at all. I can see why Alex Cox liked it so much as a film. Its nicely shot and has authenticity from the director not using professional actors. A trait of some of the films that ran though Moviedrome. Cox also commented on how the film focused on the ‘small details’.

    The Hill

    The Hill is the kind of classic film that you would expect The Criterion Collection to publish; yet hasn’t been published by them yet. It is directed by Sidney Lumet and got one of the best performances ever out of Sean Connery. This was out at the height of Connery’s stardom. Goldfinger and Marnie had come out the previous year. The Hill came out the same year as Thunderball.

    Cry-Baby

    Cry-Baby is a classic John Walters film featuring a young Johnny Depp. Depp’s star is on the wane now with allegations of spousal abuse from Amber Heard and a break down in the relationship with his management team. However earlier in his career around the time of Cry-Baby he was an amazing talent appearing in Platoon, Edward Scissorhands and What’s Eating Gilbert Grape. John Waters had just completed Hairspray. Both films featured 1950s Baltimore as a backdrop and were off kilter pastiche takes of John Hughes-type teen dramas with a healthy slice of Americana. I didn’t realise at the time that Cry Baby didn’t get the box office success of Hairspray.

    Lenny

    Dustin Hoffman biopic of Lenny Bruce Lenny seems unremarkable today. Its hard to appreciate now how controversial Bruce was at the time. His formula of no-holds barred social commentary is pretty standard fair in stand up comedy performances, but instead he was viewed as obscene and prosecuted for it. Today Bruce is a patron saint of comics and a key part of the beat generation. Alex Cox points out that Lenny is emblematic of Bob Fosse’s career of as a film director including Cabaret.

    Invasion of the Body Snatchers

    Invasion of the Body Snatchers is a remake of a classic 1950s science fiction film that was supposed to channel a number of cold war era anxieties. Cox had featured the original back at the beginning of Moviedrome and its interesting that he thought enough about the remake to screen it as well. Alex Cox considered this to be a good remake of a good film and thought highly of director Philip Kaufman who went on to make The Right Stuff and The Unbearable Lightness of Being. Kaufman’s remake reflects a different America, one where the post-Vietnam, post-Watergate hand of unseen but felt political power lurking in the background.

    Romance of a Horsethief

    Its a bit of an odd combination to have as a double bill to Invasion of the Body Snatchers. The main thing I remember about Romance of a Horsethief was Yul Brynner. The film never made it to DVD or Blu-Ray. Cox considered it a far from perfect film. Jane Birkin and Serge Gainsbourg were the key reasons to watch.

    Gothic

    Ken Russell makes his second appearance with Gothic – a film about the origin of Mary Shelley’s novel Frankenstein. Cox points out that the 1980s in many ways were a similar time to now. Back then, video publishers like Virgin started finance low budget film productions, in a similar way to the role of streaming platforms now. Madcap low-budget, high energy directors like Ken Russell benefited from this cash flow that allowed them to bypass the Hollywood studio system. This also explains how the Alex Cox biopic of Sid Vicious – Sid & Nancy got made.

    The Navigator: A Medieval Odyssey

    The Navigator is an interesting film to watch. It is a medieval film made in New Zealand decades before The Lord of the Rings trilogy. Alex Cox has problems with the acting and it’s effect on the film. But one can’t deny that the film is conceptually brilliant.

    Weekend

    It was only a matter of time before Jean-Luc Godard again appeared on Moviedrome after Alphaville. Weekend is the tale of a couple going to visit the wife’s father and mother to kill them for what they will inherit. Cox praised it for a particular long tracking shot and critiqued its far left political slant.

    Rebel Without a Cause

    The James Dean star-making film Rebel Without a Cause by Nicholas Ray needs no introduction from me. The film and James Dean are both things you are supposed to like as the epitome of cool. Which explains why its outsized influence is outside cinema inspiring fashion through the decades that followed with its portrayal of American work wear and biker wear as fashion icons. The only film with a bigger impact was A Streetcar Named Desire which inspired wearing t-shirts as an outer garment. Alex Cox thought that it was hard to say if James Dean was a great actor, but he definitely considered Ray a great director.

    200 Motels

    Frank Zappa’s 200 Motels is an odd pairing with Rebel Without a Cause. Beloved of Q magazine readers, Frank Zappa wasn’t on my must watch list at the time. Its an odd mix of comedy sketches, concert footage and animation. Think Sesame Street for hippies.

    Django

    This was the first time that I had seen Django and I remember sitting there in the early hours of Monday morning nursing a cup of tea after the double bill. What the hell had I just seen? The most bizarre spaghetti western ever with prostitutes wrestling in the mud and a machine gun in a coffin. I went back and watched it a number of times since and it is up there in terms of my favourite westerns after the dollars trilogy and Once Upon a Time in the West.

    Grim Prairie Tales

    Grim Prairie Tales was a second part of a western double bill led by Django. It features the excellent Brand Dourif who appeared in another Moviedrome favourite Wise Blood. This time he plays a mild mannered clerk around the campfire with a bounty hunter played by James Earl Jones in a wig. Think Edgar Allen Poe on the range.

    Run of the Arrow

    Run of the Arrow is an unusual western when a civil war veteran marries into the Sioux and has to pick a side when the Sioux go on the warpath. Alex Cox is a big fan of director Sam Fuller and cinematographer Joseph Biroc.

    Verboten!

    Verboten! is similar to Run of the Arrow in that in both films the protagonist is a war veteran. Both were directed by Sam Fuller. Verboten! is a romance that deals with the post-war rise of Nazism during the Marshall Plan period of economic reconstruction in Germany.

    The Long Riders

    The Long Riders occurred at the end of the popularity of Hollywood westerns. A fair bit of its aesthetic is taken from spaghetti westerns. Casting actor siblings provided the visual consistency you needed for the tale of brothers in the gang. Alex Cox featured The Long Riders mainly because it was better than Young Guns which was the only western of note that had been put out over the past few years.

    The Big Combo

    The Big Combo is a 1950s detective film. I thought that it was pretty derivative. What Alex Cox makes enthusiastic about the film is the way that its shot from a low angle and lit to make the best use of harsh shadows.

    Face to Face

    Face to Face is a fantastic western with a who’s who of European western stars: Tomas Milian, William Berger and Gian Maria Volontè. Alex Cox thought of it as a political parable on the rise of European fascism with strong overtones of Jorge Luis Borges’ literary works. I hadn’t realised until Moviedrome educated me was that Volontè had been blacklisted as a communist, until Sergio Leone had given him work on the Dollars trilogy.

    Requiescant

    Requiescant is one of the best non-Leone spaghetti westerns that I watched. I managed to get a copy of it on VHS after I saw it on Moviedrome. Tracking down a copy in either English or Italian is more difficult now. Lou Castel who played the worldly American mercenary in A Bullet for the General plays the foster son of a preacher and Mark Damon plays his nemesis. Cox points out that the director Carlo Lizzani was a leftist who tried to make it politics understandable to as wide an audience as possible.

    What Have I Done to Deserve This?

    What Have I Done to Deserve This is an early film by Pedro Almodóvar. He has made better films. Its a kitchen sink drama set around the high rise apartment blocks of Madrid and is a critique of wider consumerist life in Spain. Cox goes on to give us a run down on Spanish accents with the Madrid accent being the equivalent of BBC English in the country. This also explained by the Spanish didn’t watch Mexican cinema at the time. But What Have I Done to Deserve This? contains a cinematic easter egg featuring a photo in the background of Mexican director Emilio Fernandez, whom Almodóvar admired for his work.

    Carrie

    Carrie was a staple of popular culture during the 1980s and 1990s. It was regularly was shown on TV late at night and was a video rental shop favourite. The cinema poster was an iconic image that people could recognise even if they hadn’t watched the film. It was the first Carrie you thought of before Sarah Jessica Parker’s Carrie Bradshaw appeared in Sex and the City. Alex Cox points out the similarity of Brian de Palma’s Carrie and works by Dario Argento such as Suspiria. Carrie was de Palma’s first hit movie and was the first of a series of films that would be made from Stephen King novels. A trend that continued on to recent times with It. The way the film flips between dreams or hallucinatory segments and ‘real life’ reminded me a good deal of the Nightmare on Elm Street film series. Carrie was remade in 2013, I haven’t seen the remake yet.

    Season seven

    Season seven of Moviedrome was the last season featuring presenter Alex Cox. The theme of this season of Moviedrome introductions seemed to ape The Third Man. According to the internet, Alex Cox and Nick Jones tried to get the BBC to licence and include The Mattei Affair in this season. There is a wider mystery of how The Mattei Affair has never been properly distributed on DVD or Blu Ray despite being an excellent film that won the grand prize at The Cannes Film Festival and seems to have been buried since then.

    The Andromeda Strain

    I rewatched The Andromeda Strain during the COVID epidemic and it felt very now despite being produced in 1971. Director Robert Wise tells the story well as scientists try and investigate a deadly organism that is carried to earth on a US government satellite that crash-lands in New Mexico. Its hard to explain how big Michael Crichton was as an author during the 1960s through the 1990s. Crichton qualified as a doctor at Harvard Medical School, but went into writing instead turning out novels, TV shows and movie scripts. He became the king of the in-flight book. The first book under his own name is The Andromeda Strain in 1969 and this was quickly licensed for $250,000 – roughly equivalent to just under $2 million in today’s money. The film isn’t exactly in cult territory with a high budget of $6.5 million (almost 50 million in today’s dollars) and took in 8.2 million in US theatre rentals alone. Added on this would be foreign markets, broadcast rights, video tapes, laser discs, DVDs, Blu Rays and movie streaming.

    Alex Cox commented on how the film made use of split-screen sequences and that it was shot in CinemaScope. At the time TV sets had a squarer shaped screen than today, so movies were often shown a small ‘letter box format’ or ‘panned and scanned’ to focus on the action which meant that you missed a lot of the film. Split screen sequences became a bit of a thing in the 1960s and early 1970s. He compared the ‘matter of factness’ in much of The Andromeda Strain with mundane technical exchanges to Stanley Kubrick’s 2001. Director Robert Wise had previously edited some of Orson Welles’ most famous films.

    Fiend Without a Face

    Fiend Without a Face was a double bill to The Andromeda Strain. And both start off with mysterious deaths and other worldly causes. Its not a great film by any means and I think Alex Cox liked it was more due to its visual similarity to Dr Strangelove at some points.

    Talk Radio

    Talk Radio is an Oliver Stone film. Stone has lost a lot of his popularity due to the way he held Hugo Chavez and Vladimir Putin in high regard. It’s based on the life of Alan Berg, a radio host killed by neo-nazis in 1984 who had a liberal world view. Protagonist Barry Champlain is less focused in his world view, he is more like an aggressive stand up comedian like the late Bernard Manning who used to shred as many members of the audience in his Embassy Club in Manchester.

    Like Berg, Champlain too dies, but in the meantime he also wrestles with depression and marital breakdown. American talk radio now is associated with the legacy of right wing hosts like Rush Limbaugh. At the time of broadcast in 1994, Alex Cox’s favourite films by Oliver Stone were JFK and Salvador. No mention of the crowd-pleasing Scarface, which was interesting if a little bit obvious for Moviedrome. Its also interesting that Cox seems to disagree with Stone’s world view which he considers to be broadly in line with the Hollywood ‘limousine liberal’.

    Carnal Knowledge

    Carnal Knowledge in retrospect is a typical (if such a thing can be said) Moviedrome film. A bit of new Hollywood heritage with Jack Nicholson starring. Art Garfunkel makes one of his film appearances and it also features the great actress Candice Bergen. Director Mike Nichols made The Graduate, Catch-22, Biloxi Blues and Primary Colours. Cox frames the discussion around Nichols’ habit of doing films around angst-ridden middle class Americans. He likes the way the characters age in appearance and in their acting over a three decade period.

    I find the ending where Nicholson appraises all of his sexual partners over the years in a slideshow with a demeaning cynical overview as exceptionally uncomfortable viewing. The character has no decorum at all.

    Coogan’s Bluff

    Coogan’s Bluff is one of the earlier Don Siegel / Clint Eastwood movies. Moviedrome featured other’s previously such as Escape from Alcatraz. The Southwestern nature of Eastwood’s sheriffs deputy character is a nice visual segue way from his western works to the later works of him playing Inspector Harry Callaghan. It was a film that was on the shelf of video rental stores and got shown on TV regularly. So is a little bit against the Moviedrome formula of largely unscreened films. I pinged a friend about the Moviedrome intro and the one recollection he had was a diversion that Alex Cox took into the history of the state of Arizona. I can’t remember specifically watching it on Moviedrome, but probably did so. The country lawman who goes to the big city had its day in the early 1970s as a formula with the TV series McCloud.

    The Narrow Margin

    The Narrow Margin is a classic film noir based on a train full of mob assassins. Alex Cox was a fan of the director who also made Tora Tora Tora and Soylent Green. He also appreciated the zippy dialogue and the novelty of shooting on a train and excellent cinematography.

    The Harder They Come

    The Harder They Come is a Jamaican film that is part Midnight Cowboy and part Butch Cassidy and the Sundance Kid. There is a very meta aspect to the film when the protagonist goes to see Django at the cinema. The protagonist Ivan fancies himself as the anti-hero Django, which explains his later actions living out that fantasy. Moviedrome was the first time that I had seen the film, but I had heard the soundtrack previously. The key dialogue ‘Who’s da bad man, who can draw?’ echoed around UK clubs at the time thanks to Darren McDonald aka Dee Pattern who sampled the film on his track ‘Who’s the badman’; the Sound System mix still blows up dancefloors today.

    Alex Cox considered it to be one of the best non-rockumentary music films ever. He rightly praises its soundtrack and thinks is a great film as well. He points out the unvarnished aspects of the protagonist’s character. He is terrified of going to jail and is a mgsoinyst.

    Salvador

    Before the current left wing authoritarian regime and a society rocked by the atrocities of MS-13, a plucky trendy left wing militia overthrew an authoritarian right wing regime. Not even Oliver North’s back op backing the Contra right wing rebels could defeat them. Back in the 1980s El Salvador was a trendy liberal cause, hence Oliver Stone making Salvador. Woods was nominated for an Oscar for his role in the film. He was already quite the star, having appeared in Sergio Leone’s Once Upon a Time in America. In recent years Woods has been cancelled because of the conservative views that he now holds.

    Cox compares the film with Platoon, which he believes is an inferior Oliver Stone film.

    People Under the Stairs

    People Under the Stairs is a Wes Craven horror movie overshadowed by his Nightmare on Elm Street franchise. The underlying race politics and visual connection with video games that Alex Cox latched on to makes it feel much more now, than 1991 in many respects.

    Halloween

    John Carpenter’s Halloween and its protagonist Michael Myers spawned a franchise of horror films and kicked off the trend for slasher horror films including Nightmare on Elm Street, Friday the 13th and I Know What You Did Last Summer. Alex Cox praised the use of steadicam to give Michael Myers first person view which was really cleverly done.

    The Baby

    The Baby is a strange 1960s film that was actually filmed in the 1970s. It gives it an odd feel. Its got the kind of dialogue that I expected to see sampled on gabba and happy hardcore records. Alex Cox compares it to Play Misty For Me and The Beguiled. What’s more interesting about the Alex Cox introduction is his discussion of directors for hire versus auteurs.

    Carny

    Carny reminded me a bit of Taxi Driver due to Jodie Foster’s character and Midnight Cowboy. What I didn’t realise until I watched the introduction was that the film was a vehicle for a member of The Band. The Band connection explains some of the visual motifs in the film. Alex Cox also mentioned how the film sensitively treated all the cast regardless of their look, height or abilities – something that you would have not expected in the Hollywood of the 1970s and 1980s. Also keep an eye out for a young Gary Bussey.

    The Girl on a Motorcycle

    The Girl on a Motorcycle is a cult classic film for a number of reasons. Firstly, its cast of Alain Delon and Marianne Faithfull. The solarised footage in the film giving it a far out look. The film poster which showed that Marianne Faithfull was naked under her leather catsuit. This poster was famous during the 1980s and 1990s. There seems to have been a move away from having art exhibition, festival or film posters as home decor. Its unsurprising that The Girl on a Motorcycle became a Moviedrome film.

    Psychomania

    If oddness was a sole measure of a cult film then Psychomania would definitely count. Its an American motorcycle gang style film, but shot in the UK. The gang’s leader is dead already and so can’t be killed again, which echoes the British film industry’s penchant for horror movies at the time. Psychomania has been lovingly remastered and published on Blu-Ray by the British Film Institute.

    Race with the Devil

    Race with the Devil is an odd mix of genres, horror, counterculture, a road movie and a thriller. Two couples with an RV make the trip from Texas to Colorado for a skiing adventure and then things get interesting. Peter Fonda ups the counterculture cred of the film. Cox criticises the acting of Peter Fonda. The 1970s era motorhome would still be plush today.

    Detour

    Detour is featured due to its tale of outrageous misfortune. Cox felt that the film is too short and too many voiceovers.

    Rope

    Rope is the first Hitchcock directed film that Alex Cox included in Moviedrome. Cox admits that the film is famous – so on the face of it a classic rather than a cult classic. According Cox it was that the film, like 84C MoPic, looks as if it has been shot in one take, some thing that he considers a worth cinematic experiment.

    84C MoPic

    84C MoPic or 84 Charlie Mopic is a Sundance winning film that depicted the experience of American soldiers. It made Moviedrome because of the film’s unique perspective literally seen through the lens of a US Army documentary film maker and protagonist. 84C is the job code that the US Army used at the time. The film is let down by cleanliness of of the actors according to Alex Cox.

    To Sleep with Anger

    To Sleep with Anger comes across as an African American take on Cape Fear. Danny Glover plays out of type and comes up with a villain that Robert Mitchum or Robert DeNiro would have been proud of. The film didn’t do that well at the box office, but give it time. I thought it was a really good thriller. Alex Cox described it as the best film he would show that season on Moviedrome.

    Contempt

    Contempt or Le Mepris to give it its original French title would be a cult film purely on the basis that it is directed by Jean-Luc Godard and featured a young Brigitte Bardot. It also features the underrated Jack Palance as a villainous producer. It’s a film about the process of making films. Alex Cox talks about how international free trade agreements had disrupted international film productions.

    Excalibur

    John Boorman’s Excalibur is a fantastic telling of the Authurian tale. I like it because it has a sword and sorcery type feel to the film. What I didn’t realise was that director John Boorman made this film, when his plans to make a version of Lord of The Rings fell through. It’s got Gabriel Byrne and Liam Neeson in it together – two of Ireland’s best film actors.

    Nothing Lasts Forever

    Nothing Lasts Forever is a music biopic of piano player Adam Beckett who gets shot by the FBI by mistake. I think Cox chose the film more for the movie trivia that he could wrap around the introduction rather than the film itself. The film is innoffensive and I am surprised that it was part of the unshown catalogue of films that the BBC had licensed, given that it would have been perfectly fine for a summer Sunday afternoon, which used to be ‘dead space’ in the BBC schedule. I don’t see anything in it from a cult status point of view, save that it had a bit of a following in Soviet-era Russia.

    Naked Tango

    Naked Tango is a film noir featuring a woman with a hidden identity who gets into a world of trouble and intrigue. Its a bit like an Argentinean version of West Side Story and a large chunk of cliched tango-ing. The film is interesting but lacking in a lot of areas but the locations and photography are really good; something that Alex Cox notes in his Moviedrome introduction. Naked Tango was distributed on VHS tape, but never managed to make the jump to DVD or Blu-Ray.

    Apartment Zero

    Apartment Zero was the second part of an Argentinian film double bill. It was just over a decade after the Falklands war and I remember people at work commenting on the fact that the BBC shouldn’t be showing Argentinian films. Which goes back to the nature of Moviedrome being partly political in nature. The reason for this is that it was based around the singular view of Cox. The film itself reminds me a bit of Hitchcock in terms of the way the characters are developed.

    Major Dundee

    At first Major Dundee seems like every other Hollywood western. However I think that Richard Harris’ performance brings a lot to the film. I considered Hollywood westerns dismissively, having had an early childhood full of John Wayne films that felt interchangeable. The raw authenticity and beautiful camera work of spaghetti westerns appealed more. Maybe things would have been different if the the first spaghetti westerns that I watched weren’t Sergio Leone. Major Dundee has a fantastic cast but was let down by his relationship with the studio.

    Bring Me the Head of Alfredo Garcia

    Bring Me the Head of Alfredo Garcia is a name that marketers probably hated. Its not memorable, is too long, but it is intriguing. Cox admitted that he hated it when he first watched it, but over the years he realised it was a great film hidden behind b-movie tropes. Benny the protagonist reminded me of Hunter S Thompson when I watched it. Cox goes on to comment that Benny is likely how a failing Peckinpah saw himself.

    Cox claims that it is Peckinpah’s second best film after The Wild Bunch (which is far too well known and appreciated to be a cult movie). This is high praise indeed from the Moviedrome presenter.

    Kiss Me Deadly

    Although we didn’t know it at the time, Kiss Me Deadly, a Robert Aldrich directed film was an appropriate way to end the run of Alex Cox hosted films on Moviedrome. This is a classic film noir featuring the Mickey Spillane character Mike Hammer. Cox considers Mike Hammer to be the perfect anti-hero in terms of the acting. He also valued the film’s capacity to shock. In some ways it feels quite modern rather like the Bosch TV series on Amazon Prime – which is as close as we would get to current film noir genre material in the 21st century.

    More information

    Alex Cox on film promoting his Introduction to Film book. The ethos very closely mirrors the approach to Moviedrome.

    Back in 2020, Alex Cox proposed a fantasy film festival to be held in Liverpool in 1972. Some of the films would have been familiar to Moviedrome viewers, whilst others would not.

    The Moviedromer tumblr account which borrowed extensively from the BBC published Moviedrome guide was invaluable as well.

  • Magic donkey

    I was reading Rob Manuel’s Facebook post about the origin of B3ta’s ‘magic donkey’ and its wider connection to the modern dystopian web experience.

    B3ta and magic donkey

    I guess it makes sense to first explain what B3ta is. B3ta is a community of bored driven people with a creative bent and a finely tuned sense of the absurd. The Guardian described it as a ‘purile digital arts community’. To be fair the works are more multi-displinary, than just digital in nature. Brands and memes get hacked.

    Ball's ice cream by S4RK on B3ta
    By SR4K on B3ta. Unilever’s ice cream ‘heart brand’ gets flipped to become a stylised scrotum. The UK version of the heart brand is Wall’s which becomes Ball’s.

    Its humour and its contributors are mostly British.

    B3ta was founded as a website and forum back in 2001 and I found it as a passive consumer a few years later. The front page and weekly email sent to members curated a selection of the content in the forums. Whilst contributors weren’t paid, there was a lot of kudos to getting your content on to the front page of the website, or into the weekly email that went out to the community of creators and consumers.

    This meant that Manuel was under pressure by contributors to put their work on the front page or in the weekly update email. The ego of the creator is familiar to anyone who has watched TV shows or films such as:

    Manuel invented an imaginary editor to deflect pressure away from himself. Of course, imaginary editor had to be slightly absurd. Hence a magic donkey.

    Flickr and the magic donkey

    While Rob Manuel was responsible for trying to fend off B3ta contributors aspirations to get on the front page, Cal Henderson was responsible for the technology. He had been a co-founder of B3ta alongside Manuel.

    Henderson is better known as a long time collaborator with Stewart Butterfield and CTO of Slack. But before that he was responsible for the technical aspects of B3ta and then moved on to Flickr.

    Flickr had a strong tight community, with agreed well-adhered to rules. A large part of this was down to the Flickr team including co-founder Caterina Fake and Heather Powazek Champ. The community met up in real life; rather like users of Chinese network Douban had been known to do. Flickr users were also good at organising their pictures providing labels or tags for images. But as the community scaled, surfacing the right content at the right time would have been more difficult.

    Henderson word on a algorithm-driven function called ‘interestingness’ that surfaced ‘the best’ content on a particular subject. Here’s what Steve’s Digicams said about is likely to go into the ‘Interestingness’ algorithm.

    There are a number of factors that go into what makes a photo interesting including, the number of tags it has, the number of groups it belongs to, how many people have viewed the image, and how many people have made it their favorite.

    Steve’s Digicms – What is Flickr Interestingness?

    Cal Henderson called the algorithm ‘magic donkey’. This would be a substitute for the curation done by an editor or a community manager and be applied across all subject areas. If the descriptions of Henderson’s interestingness algorithm reminds you a bit of Larry Page and Sergei Brin’s original working paper The PageRank Citation Ranking: Bringing Order to the Web, you’re probably right. At a base level both seem to rely on different feedback mechanisms to provide a reductive way of resolving what to show. Feedback as a concept is a hugely important role in computing and technology. Bell Labs were using feedback in its solutions to reduce noise on telephone lines at the start of the modern electronic age. Now feedback and analysis is done thousands of time a second to try and provide robots with some form of situational awareness.

    Magic donkey, search and social search

    Just over 12 months after it was formed, Flickr was purchased by Yahoo!. Yahoo! was interested in flickr for a number of reasons:

    • Yahoo! (and Microsoft) were fighting a losing battle against Google’s search engine and needed an edge
    • Web 2.0 had started to take off and Flickr was a cool property in this space.

    At that time search lacked meaning and context. To help you understand what search was like back then. I used to use the analogy of a shop assistant

    Imagine going to the supermarket and asking the assistant for an item, they run down the corridor and run back with their arms full of different stuff. They empty the stuff into your trolley and say to you ‘Your item is in there’. If you are lucky, the item is at the top of the pile, it you aren’t you may sort through it all and find you don’t have it anyway. You complain to the manager and he dismisses you with ‘Its your own fault, you asked in the wrong way’.

    Folksonomy.

    In order to deal with the meaning and context problem, all the main search engines brought out vertical search services

    • Video Search
    • Maps
    • Blog search
    • Google Scholar
    • Shopping search

    And ‘easter eggs’ such as providing information on local time in different cities or countries and measurement conversions. Whilst these weren’t great at driving advertising revenue they encouraged usage. Search became a giant Swiss army knife for knowledge workers.

    All the search providers had a keen interest to the GWAP (games with a purpose) work that was being done at Carnegie Mellon University by Luis von Ahn. von Ahn is a specialist in the field of ‘human computation’.

    Human computation was providing machine learning something to learn from. You want to teach a machine learning algorithm how to identify cats? von Ahn’s ESP game was the ideal teacher. In the words of von Ahn’s own page at Carnegie Mellon University:

    The first GWAP developed by von Ahn, the ESP Game displays images to two players who each try to guess words that the other player would use to describe the image. The game improves web image searches by generating descriptions of uncaptioned images. Google Inc. has licensed the game, which the company calls Google Image Labeler.

    Games With A Purpose – Carnegie Mellon University

    von Ahn went on to design other games that would have a similar utility

    • Matchin, a game in which players judge which of two images is the more appealing. (This might introduce cultural bias and would probably be much more problematic now.) Back in the late noughties this was seen as progress towards better search. Automating systemic racial bias just wasn’t on the radar and ‘bro culture’ wasn’t as prevalent in its engineers
    • Tag a tune – which looked to get genres and descriptors like happy or sad music
    • Verbosity – tests ‘common sense’ knowledge to build facts for machine learning platforms like ‘you shouldn’t walk under ladders’

    You can still try Google’s use of GWAP here. Though most people are more used to engaging with GWAP functions as part of CAPTCHA and reCAPTCHA verification services. Google used reCAPTCHA and CAPTCHA technology to digitise the archives of The New York Times and libraries into Google Books.

    Yahoo!’s answer to this has been variously termed knowledge search and social search. The idea was to improve the quality of results through people and provide context through human effort. A few of the things were in Yahoo!’s favour for this approach.

    Heuristics that support social search

    Search like many categories of commerce, tends to follow the principle of the long tail. The bulk of interest or transactions are the head. This existed pre-Internet; if you’re of a certain age you’ll remember that most people seemed to have a Sade or Dire Straits album in their CD collection. Ed Sheeran or Beyonce on their Spotify playlists would be a similar phenomenon now.

    Search is quite similar. The biggest searches on search engines are likely to be something along the lines of:

    • Porn
    • Google (on Yahoo! or Bing)
    • Amazon
    • eBay
    • Facebook

    (The lists that you see published of the top searches put out by Google, Yahoo! etc are usually cleaned first by the PR teams; so have limited value as trustworthy information sources.)

    A lot of searches are looking for things that you’ve found before online. Whether it was a particular article or a website that you use on a regular basis.

    Social search was manifested in a number of different ways. Questions and answer sites had originally got popular in east Asia, notably Korea, Taiwan and Japan.

    Jerry Yang himself got behind the launch of what would become Yahoo! Answers following the popularity of a Q+A service launched by Yahoo! in Taiwan.

    Yahoo! had an interest in tagging and folksonomies as a way of providing context around content. In a similar way to the way lexemes work.

    So if you were listening to a report on the stock market. The report wouldn’t necessarily have to use the phrase stock market to indicate that was what the report was about. There would be lexemes – words associated with the concept of a stock market that would be indicators for instance:

    • Wall Street
    • Bull market
    • Bear market
    • Standard & Poors 500 (S+P500)
    • NASDAQ
    • Share price
    • FTSE
    • The Hang Seng
    • The Nikkei

    There would be similar language for other subjects as well. This allows for one item to be in multiple categories. Yahoo! acquired Flickr which helped because it had a community that tagged their images.

    Yahoo! also launched a series of social bookmarking services. Remember what I said earlier about people often searching for things that they’d found before? Well a social bookmarking tool offers a few benefits

    • Your bookmarks exist online so you don’t have to worry about getting access to your browser bookmark folder at home, at work or on the move
    • You organise things using the language that makes the most sense for you
    • You can search amongst links that you’ve found before
    • Searching amongst content that you and others like you chose to bookmark should raise the overall quality of the links that you are provided with

    There was Yahoo! MyWeb, MyWeb 2 (beta) and it then acquired Delicious. Stewart Butterfield used to joke that Yahoo! bought flickr because they thought flickr were the ‘tagging people’; when they’d really just been copying the feature from Joshua Schacter at Delicious. Yahoo! then went on to buy social bookmarking site Delicious as well.

    The problem is that to tag your bookmarks and content carefully requires a discipline that many people struggled to maintain. I have found it to be personally beneficial over time, but I had a strong incentive to stick with it; even then I have been far more lax on my photo tagging since I no longer use Flickr’s desktop app to upload my photos.

    Changing behaviour is hard; when I worked there, reputedly a higher proportion of Yahoos used Google search than the general population. I heard that there was a similar behaviour pattern at Microsoft.

    There is also a certain irony in Henderson et al falling back closer towards a Google PageRank citation / feedback-type model of algorithm given the nature of a more human-powered and humane ideal of social search.

    Magic donkey and content firehose

    Cal Henderson literally wrote the book on scaling websites to cope with the kind of growth you would see driven by social web applications such as photo sharing, bookmarking and social networks.

    But social networks grew at a phenomenally fast rate. You could never log on to Friendster. That meant that the bar was set very low for MySpace to compete against Friendster.

    MySpace and Facebook were initially very sluggish sites. Twitter and the ‘fail whale’ of the site being down were a cultural touchstone of the late noughties.

    Fail Whale
    Fail Whale via The Diva Rockin on Flickr.

    This increase in audience, meant a consequent increase in content. YouTube for example was running at over 45minutes of video being uploaded every minute. I am sure that rate is even greater now. How to sort through this firehose of content?

    To engineers the solution would look a lot like Henderson’s magic donkey. Algorithms slowed down the newsfeed to something more manageable, otherwise it would overwhelm the users.

    On the commercial side, the social platforms need to show sticky content that will keep users on their site longer and that they can vend advertising against.

    No great plot to up-end civilisation or spread hatred and bile. But algorithms can have unintended consequences. Content that polarises, engages. The algorithm doesn’t know that’s a bad thing. Soon those that want to engage with audiences in an emotive political way understand how the system can work with them.

    A mix of trial and error with a bit of understanding of behavioural science and continual learning allows political actors to learn how to use the system. Incremental tweaks in approach that their rivals or peers make drives that knowledge at a faster rate than the algorithms seem to evolve. The algorithm is blind to it all. It sees the things it cares about ‘improving’. Time spent on service, engagement with content, commenting and sharing. A human-machine feedback mechanism is created.

    In essence, it’s Google’s ‘stupid shop assistant’ all over again and this time human input in the feedback mechanisms is hurting rather than helping the magic donkey of social platforms.

    More on flickr here and more on internet culture here.

    UPDATE (September 24, 2020): Earlier this week the FT ran the story ‘YouTube reverts to human moderators in the fight against misinformation‘ – in an apparent indication that the ‘magic donkey’ model has reached its limits (at the moment). YouTube’s machine learning algorithms when given control had a false positive bias banning a ‘significant number’ of videos that broke no rules. In a three month period 11 million videos were taken down. (The usual number is about half that).