By the time Media Virus came out, Douglas Rushkoff was a public intellectual with the same kind of cultural impact of Simon Sinek back in the 1990s and early 2000s. I went back to read Media Virus for the first time in decades. The book design feels very dot com, with neon colour details a la early Wired magazine and discordant font use that owed a bit to Neville Brody. There was even the obligatory exclamation mark that said early web like Yahoo!.
Media Virus looked at how stories and ideas became mobile across media and reaching people. Despite its cyberpunk and counterculture styling it touched online very lightly with one chapter looking at how things spread on the Usenet as a glorified bulletin board. About the time Rushkoff was writing the Mosaic web browser had been released and Netscape Navigator was about get published. Rushkoff didn’t address the more prevalent ‘big three’ information providers at the time: CompuServe, Prodigy and America Online.
The book focused much more television and the revolution that video camcorders provided to media production. Power that would now sit in the average smartphone. Rushkoff also covered ‘zines’ self published print publications, ad jamming – defacing out of home billboards to make a statement and even protests. The protests felt very much of the now, particularly with the Stop Oil and Extinction Rebellion happenings which gain little support from the general public affected.
With hindsight what comes through Media Virus was that is was less about the future of media and mass media past. Media Virus documented the last hurrah of 1960s counter-culture that probably wasn’t even a youth-led movement but driven by middle-aged intelligentsia that kept doing what it had been doing for decades. It borrowed ‘trade dress’ from cyberpunk, rave culture and gay activism.
The media viri of the book title were largely about transgression, or rejection of norms, which was the negative space of youth culture at that time and can be seen in advertising until the financial crisis of 2008.
Reading about gay community activism by ACT UP around the treatment of AIDS was as much about demanding patient-centricity from healthcare providers and pharmaceutical companies, as it was about the disease. Decades later and the pharmaceutical industry is still on a journey to patient-centricity. There is still price gouging for different medications by pharmaceutical companies and commercial entities between the manufacturer and the health system.
Because of the extraordinary measures that the activists had taken, every network news show carried pictures of the event and then took the time to explain the views of these AIDS “terrorists.”
Meanwhile the opportunity to feed back through the media radically changed the “personas with AIDS” self-image. Refusing to be called AIDS “victims” or “sufferers,” PWAs experienced the discovery of their own iterative potential as a turning point in their lives.
Media Virus: hidden agendas in popular culture by Douglas Rushkoff
Rushkoff like media thinkers up to the late 2000s believed that the media was a threat to authoritarian regimes rather than open to being co-opted by them:
This is why the Ayatollah chose to react to Salman Rushdie’s Satanic Verses with an assassination edict. A state based in fundamentalist order cannot survive in the data ocean. Ironically, if New York’s Seven Days magazine is correct, Rushdie’s whole saga turns out to be the result of an extremely successful (so to speak) media virus. Rushdie’s agent, the magazine suggests , concerned about initially poor sales, himself sent the Ayatollah a copy of the book, hoping to stir something up. Needless to say, the virus worked.
Media Virus: hidden agendas in popular culture by Douglas Rushkoff
Media Virus is an artefact of our past, convinced that it is a blueprint for our future. The present reality is much more banal and dystopian than Rushkoff could have realised back in 1994 when Media Virus was published.