Category: meme | 模因 | 밈 | ミーム

We think of the meme now as the lowest form of culture of a standard trope that is used to explain a situation by shorthand, but the reality is more complex.

The text book definition of a meme would be an idea, behaviour, or style that spreads by means of imitation from person to person within a culture and often carries symbolic meaning representing a particular phenomenon or theme. Richard Dawkin coined the word meme in his book The Selfish Gene, I have also heard the concept articulated as an idea virus.

So that would bring in things in everyday life that you take for granted like the way we tie up shoelaces. People who have been in the military tend to use a ‘ladder approach’ versus going criss-cross.

Its what can bind tribal affiliations together. Many people support the same sports team as the people around them such as neighbours, peers or friends and family. The initial choice about the team to support is memetic in nature.

Memes have moved beyond being an analogy to being a badge of belonging and even the lingua franc itself. If one looks at 4Chan’s /b/ channel mostly consists of anonymous users bombarding memes at each other. Occasionally there will be a request to customise a meme image from a user and the community piles in.

Memetics became a formal field of academic study in the 1990s. The nucleus for it as a field of study was Dawkins books and a series of columns that started appearing in the Scientific American during the early 1980s by Douglas Hofstadter and Media Virus by Douglas Rushkoff.

  • 2014: just where is it all going?

    You can read about how I got on last year here. This year’s aka 2014 predictions in no particular order:

    Amazon won’t do drone delivery in 2014 –  The reasons for this are many. Drones are limited by payload, to ability to land, the amount of energy they can hold for flight time and piloting. It is no small feat to fly a single drone let alone a parcel carrying fleet of them. Secondly, what do you do if the recipient isn’t at the landing zone? And we haven’t addressed ill-defined regulatory issues.

    Small data – at the end of last year I ended up speaking to a retailer who wanted to do something with their customer database. Looking at it was underwhelming. Just over 200 customer records with only a fraction of them having email addresses. This was an extreme example, a large part of their problem was that data acquisition was done through the till, whilst customers would be paying for goods. Retail staff would then be torn between dealing with customer queues and trying to capture customer data.  Hadoop is now bandied around like it is a common tool when in reality it only benefits the largest data sets. 2014 could benefit from a renewed focus on delivering value by sorting out the small data first.

    Offline to online integration – companies like cini.me, Verifone and Brightmove media for cinema and taxi advertising respectively are symptomatic of a wider move that integrates online and offline media. The holy grail would be a multi-channel customer journey with correct levels of attribution of sales. We are starting to get there with the right context data sets: location-based weather forecasts, geo-fencing and Apple’s iBeacon

    Algorithmic display advertising – Greater cross-media integration would require a greater degree of sophistication in media buying, moving towards algorithm-driven purchases within a real-time scenario. The challenges will be in ensuring artwork is appropriate, rendering formats, transmission; building algorithmic models themselves and demonstrating advertising effectiveness sufficiently well.

    Mobile display advertising gets a radical reduction in formats – I had been looking at the different advertising options on mobile platforms and page takeovers seemed to make the most sense, which begged the question why have other inventory options. I suspect that other advertisers may take a similar stance.

    Content marketing on OTT platforms – at the moment OTT platforms like WeChat are used predominantly as electronic direct marketing pushing out regular promotions or coupons to the audience. But the platforms also the opportunity to measure the impact of storytelling by weaving the platform into a multi-channel programme alongside video and websites. For the right brands special edition stickers offer an opportunity as well.

    Chinese technology brands will finally be successful outside China – Xiaomi’s vertically integrated model of hardware, software and services is looking to expand outside of China to reach a larger Southeast Asian audience. CyanogenMod-based smartphones provide other manufacturers to follow a similar model. Oppo’s N1 was recently launched CyanogenMod edition phone gained Google certification, paving the way for other integrated offering like Xiaomi, so expect software and service innovation.   Tencent’s WeChat will break through, based firstly on foreign brands looking to engage with Chinese consumers within and outside the country – expect a bridgehead to be built by the hospitality industry.

    Privacy issues won’t change much with consumers – Whilst legislators may wring their hands and engineers build new products consumers won’t do much mainly because of inertia and a sense that it’s just way things are. Don’t believe me? Case in point, how many people do you know have moved their bank account, despite the UK government legislating that can now be done with just one form?

    Technology company workers are the new bankers – protests in Oakland over Google commuter buses, technology sites giving Hello-esque coverage of staff canteens and luxury office and East London warping into something similar to Notting Hill a couple of decades ago, coupled with a growing army of working poor is going to create a heady mix of jealousy and the inevitable backlash similar to the student bashing that used to go on in Leeds. Expect some Hoxton twits to get twatted.

    The rise of immersion – From the Oculus Rift glasses to a creative agency in Argentina using haptic technology to allow fathers to share with mothers how their child is developing as part of a marketing campaign for a babycare brand – immersive technologies are once more on the ascendancy for the first time since the mid-1990s.

    Machine learning will threaten to disrupt programming – The current most popular computer science course at Stanford is machine learning, Qualcomm is looking to make machine learning based processors in 2014, this will disrupt computer programming and the schemas created by programmers across a wide range of applications from enterprise processes and workflows to consumer services like search. Whilst this won’t develop commercial applications in anger in 2014, developers may start to develop distinctly luddite tendencies.

    A race to the bottom will bring out hyper-competition in mobile semiconductor suppliers will kick off in 2014 – players like Qualcomm will come under price pressure from the likes of MediaTek and Spreadtrum who will provide high-quality and performance silicon at bargain basement prices to match the needs of Chinese OEMs living on razor-thin margins. Expect new operating systems and web services to take advances of these high performance bargain basement price devices.

  • Generation X life experiences

    There is a bigger argument to be made about generations versus life stages for marketers, but generation X does have some shared life experiences that define them. In much the same way that the baby boomers were defined by the Apollo programme, the Cultural Revolution and the Kennedy assassination. 50 ways that you know you are generation x based on the following live experiences, in no particular order:

    1. You were afraid of a hole in the ozone layer before climate change became the new green cause
    2. You hear the word portal and think of an early website with a cluttered layout like a broadsheet newspaper from companies like MSN, Yahoo! and Excite rather than a round window with a nautical theme or the PC game
    3. You can remember when your cellphone was smaller than your current iPhone
    4. You can remember feeling sad when the local HMV | Tower Records | Fopp closed down
    5. One of your coolest friends worked behind the counter in an independent record or comic shop
    6. Bill Gates is the ex-CEO of Microsoft, not a global do-gooder
    7. You can remember when Sony and Nokia were cool
    8. Morrissey is up there with Plato
    9. The M in MTV stood for music
    10. You can remember when the Argos catalogue was a cornucopia of consumerism
    11. You remember reading American Psycho and sharing which page you were able to read up to with friends before having to give up on the book
    12. The first time you heard of Calvin Klein was as a punchline in Back To The Future
    13. You still call a Snickers bar a Marathon on occasion, ditto Starburst and Opal Fruits
    14. You ‘got’ the Rutger Hauer Guinness adverts
    15. There weren’t comedians before alternative comedians like Ben Elton
    16. You can remember when watching TV meant four or less channels
    17. You can remember the wonder of the internet before the spam became overwhelming
    18. When you see Guy Pearce in a film, you still think of his character Mike Young; a friend of Scott and Charlene in Neighbours
    19. You were blown away by the first series of This Life; it really spoke to you, even the one off reunion special they did years later
    20. The truth is out there still; Edward Snowden’s allegations sound like a plot from a lost series of the X-Files. In fact, the X in generation x might stand for X-Files (but it doesn’t)
    21. You find yourself asking when did Lego get so expensive?
    22. Hunting around the house on a Friday night for a C-90 cassette to record the essential mix. Bonus points if you clipped the playlist from 
    23. You can remember the static build-up on the front of the TV when it had been on a while and then turned off and watching the dot in the middle of the screen fade to black in a darkened room like some impromptu nightlight
    24. You had considered booking a last minute getaway in Spain at some point because of the amazing offer you had found on Teletext
    25. Everyone you knew had Dire Straits Brothers in Arms in their CD collection, even if they hated Dire Straits. There was some dark conspiracy involving black helicopters which how the discs made their way into every home
    26. You owned a ‘Groover’ Hoover logo t-shirt at some point
    27. You’ve had someone come up and offer you money for your decade old Adidas Superstar reissues from the early noughties
    28. You customised your instant messenger client with AIM buddy icon packs that brands used to provide as a download alongside with screensavers and wallpapers. My personal favourite was the swirling cow in the tornado offered as a free download to promote Twister when it was released at the cinema
    29. You’ve owned an Ericsson mobile phone
    30. You can remember when petrol stations sold four-star leaded petrol, older people can even remember the  five-star leaded petrol that stopped being sold sometime after the 1973 OPEC oil embargo
    31. You wore a Swatch watch and thought it was cool, you may have even splurged for a Swatch internet time (@time) watch later on
    32. You’ve got the original 1994 version of Renaissance: The Mix Collection by Sasha and John Digweed. You may even point out by how the 2004 re-master of the album was ruined since it no longer features the Qat Mix (by Sasha) of M-People’s How Can I Love You More? If you actually went to Renaissance at the Venue 44 in Mansfield you are probably hoping blurry photos of you in a Versace shirt, leather trousers and a pair of Red Wing engineers boots never make it online
    33. You know the weak spot of Global Hypercolour t-shirts was the contrast coloured arm pits you got in the club
    34. You’ve used an AOL install CD as a coffee coaster. Fun fact, my Dad hung them on the apple tree he had in the garden and they were effective at scaring away birds who would otherwise peck the apples before they ripened
    35. You know Graffiti bonus geek points if you had attempted to use the Apple Newton handwriting system
    36. You paid (or dodged) poll tax
    37. You felt discriminated against by the government because of your love of repetitive beats
    38. You own a Ministry of Sound mix CD collection in a hard back book type case
    39. You used to read Select magazine
    40. You’ve used Wella Shockwaves ‘wet-look styling gel’
    41. You tried to get a Magic Eye poster to work but all you saw was a fractal mess
    42. You bought a copy of NME with a flexi-disc on the front
    43. The first Tolkien film you’ve seen was Ralph Bakshi’s animated version of The Lord of The Rings
    44. You can remember when the first McDonald’s opened in your town and served root beer. Secondly, when you asked for a Coke you were told ‘that’s McDonald’s cola’
    45. Bod, Auntie Flo, PC Copper, Frank the Postman, Farmer Barleymow, Alberto Frog and his Amazing Animal Band – need no explanation
    46. You liked the Beastie Boys before their seminal Paul’s Boutique album
    47. Audio on the move meant Walkman and a selection of carefully curated mix cassettes
    48. The line ‘Get on down and party’ meant that you had caught the opening credits of Dance Energy with Normski
    49. It’s still weird catching Janet Street-Porter of ‘yoof TV’ fame on Loose Women whilst channel-hopping
    50. You’ve used a television without a remote control

    What other ones do you think are missing from this list of generation X experiences?

  • Documerica + more news

    Documerica

    The U.S. National Archives collection of Documerica photos that were originally taken on behalf of the Environmental Protection Agency from 1971 – 1977. There is such a great selection of images in Documerica released under a creative commons license and I love using them in slideware. Documerica featured the work of between 70 and 120 photographers

    Residents Take Part in Organized Daily Exercises in One of the Public Pools at Century Village Retirement Community.

    Business

    Chinese Way of Doing Business – In Cash We Trust – NYTimes.com

    MasterCard usage is growing five times faster in emerging markets than in the US – Quartz

    BP to use Angolan gas to fuel European homes – Telegraph – to plug the gap that mature UK fields aren’t filling and provide alternative supply to Russia

    Consumer behaviour

    Hotel Guests Turn Away From TV and Toward Streaming Media

    Placing the displaced: Lessons from researching the Irish community in London // Articles // breac // University of Notre Dame

    Is Dunbar’s Number Up? – University of Toronto

    Economics

    China Magazine Floats Idea of Selling Parts of Currency Reserves – Bloomberg

    George Osborne faces £24bn dilemma on UK bank stakes – FT.com

    Chart of the Day: European Unemployment Hits New Record – which will take longer to turn around than the economic numbers

    Chinese manufacturers are beset by a global slowdown and rising wages – gradual change in the structure of the Chinese economy

    Career mistresses, and the truth about women holding up half the sky in China – Campaign Asia – great article about consumer attitudes of Chinese women. Family cramps aspirations, financial gain is a key driver

    London property being snapped up as quickly as before 2007 crisis – Reuters

    BBC News – MPs question government’s infrastructure spending plans

    A rate cut won’t help Europe because investors still lack confidence in European banks

    The danger is that UK companies will spend their cash abroad – Telegraph – because it makes more sense than the economic uncertainty in the UK

    Finance

    Rethink listing rules after ENRC: top investor – Telegraph

    Bank lending to bounce back as bad debts fall – The Independent

    FMCG

    Junk foods avoid ad ban by targeting children online | The Guardian – not terribly surprising

    Innovation

    Oslo Copes With Shortage of Garbage It Turns Into Energy – NYTimes.com

    How Skynet Might Emerge From Simple Physics

    Luxury

    China calls time on expensive watches in face of crackdown – FT.com

    Media

    Clarification to Guardian’s Wrong Article, Again… | Socialbakers

    Facebook’s Declining User Growth Rate – AllThingsD – law of big numbers

    Five reasons why this is the worst earnings report Facebook has ever issued – Quartz

    ‘Facebook is dead’ among young people | PRWeek – it will be interesting to see if they can turn this around. Especially interesting that this is the message coming from BBC Radio 1 Newsbeat and 1Xtra news editor Rod McKenzie

    Netflix CEO Reed Hastings Predicts the Future of Streaming Video – Peter Kafka – Media – AllThingsD

    Deloitte’s UK Media Consumer survey ’13

    Digital Marketers Say It’s Becoming More Important to Rank in Global Search Engines

    Yahoo Announces New Ad Formats: Mobile-Friendly Native Ads And A Big ‘Billboard’ On Its Front Page | TechCrunch

    Auction System Helps Place Digital Outdoor Ads – WSJ.com

    Meme

    Twitter Users Mark ‘Ed Balls Day’ Anniversary | Orange UK

    Online

    Yahoo acquires 4 million user to-do app Astrid, service to continue as is for 90 days – The Next Web

    Free Speech on the Internet: Silicon Valley is Making the Rules | New Republic

    Security

    Proposal seeks to fine tech companies for noncompliance with wiretap orders – The Washington Post

    Why your personality will be scored in the next 5 years | VentureBeat

    Software

    Surface Tension: The effect of Surface on Windows revenues | asymco

    Apple to release OS X 10.9 with new power-user features, more from iOS later this year | 9to5Mac

    Jony Ive paints a fresh, yet familiar, look for iOS 7 | 9to5Mac – a move away from web 2.0 reflection metaphors. More here The Flattening of Design – NYTimes.com

    Apple addresses WWDC sellout, says that separate Tech Talks are coming this fall (Matthew Panzarino/The Next Web)

    Technology

    I, Cringely The Decline & Fall of IBM – I, Cringely

    Web of no web

    Here’s the Real Reason Why Virtual Reality Doesn’t Work Yet

    Google gets people ready for Glass with new how-to video

    SoLoMo: Kotak Bank Celebrates Foursquare Day in 200 Banking Branches | VisibleBanking.com

    Microsoft IllumiRoom is a coffee table projector designed for the next-generation Xbox | The Verge

    Wireless

    Samsung Marketing Advertising Budget Casts Dark Shadow Over Android | BGR – 9.2 billion dollars marketing spend, that’s one hell of a competitive advantage

    Apple’s Share of Worldwide Tablet Shipments Falls Below 40% in 1Q 2013 – Mac Rumors

    Active antennas invade next-gen smartphones

    Softbank posts 50% operating profit margins in its mobile business

    BlackBerry’s CEO is correct: There’s no future in tablets – I think that this is a cross form factor phenomena of commidisation driven by the Android operating system

    Does anyone know why Google bought Motorola?

  • Rituals and artefacts

    I have been reflecting on rituals and artefacts. This line of thought started when I met up with Marc Sparrow and we talked about many things. The one that stuck out in my mind the most was that we were two tablet computer owners, but we both insisted on reading the Sunday newspaper in a dead tree format.

    Marc went on to tell me that he saw from his friend’s Facebook updates that they were passing on rituals including getting a print Sunday newspaper on to their children too. The Sunday Times was no longer about news and analysis but a marker for Sunday like the traditional roast dinner or church service and a way of unwinding before the week ahead.
    Patek Philippe advert
    When one looks at Patek Philippe’s adverts the thing that stands out is the strapline:

    You never actually own a Patek Philippe.
    You merely look after it for the next generation.

    Whilst being a clever bit of marketing, I think that it says a lot about some brands and contexts. In particular, how rituals and artefacts are central to context. Whilst brands like Louis Vuitton and Gucci have blurred the line between fashion and luxury; the great Swiss watch brands like Rolex rely on old-fashioned word-of-mouth. Omega is part of my evoked set (despite my not liking a lot of their watch designs or the way way they have fashionised the brand) because of my parents. I got my first Rolex because I had a bad experience diving with a Seiko watch and my dive buddies explained why they thought Rolex was more resilient.

    This didn’t happen in Facebook but in Snowdonia, in the dead of winter in front of a man-made lake that had killed a number of scuba divers. Within half an hour of my having made a forced ascent as my dive watch had popped off my wrist and sailed to the bottom of the lake some 80 metres down.

    As an industry we often forget about physical context, rituals and artefacts. Ironically it is about going back to marketing 101 and the year 1960. E. Jerome McCarthy came up with what was then the four Ps, to which were added another three over time. Since then marketers have thought about looking at these from a consumer point of view and you had other models like the four Cs, but for the sake of simplicity I will list out the 7 Ps:

    • Product
    • Price
    • Place
    • Promotion
    • Physical Evidence
    • People
    • Process

    I would argue that physical evidence is more than the salesroom experience and people are the customer base as well as the sales and supply chain. Think about how on the road arrogance affected the perception of certain car marques in the UK:

    • Mondeo Man
    • The Volvo Driver
    • White-Van Man

    All of these stereotypes have had a grain of truth to them and affected the way we think about the brands. Look at the way Burberry and Stone Island got affected by their football casual customer base.

    As clever marketers we can also create rituals:

    • Mother’s Day
    • Take a break, have a Kit-Kat
    • Royal British Legion poppy campaign
    • Guinness co-opting St Patrick’s Day

    More related content can be found here

  • THEWORDBITCH

    THEWORDBITCH origins

    Kanye West kicked off a discussion on Twitter on Sunday with a hashtag: THEWORDBITCH which hits on the use of language. It was probably designed as a way to push Lupe Fiasco’s great ‘Bitch Bad‘ track.

    Lupe Fiasco – Bitch Bad from Gil Green on Vimeo.

    On the surface level, the debate is the use of profanity in music. On first glance, this appears to be a hip-hop thing, but it isn’t.

    Wider implications

    If I look at Irish culture from The Pogues to Father Frank in Father Ted, profanity abounds. My Dad would describe a particularly hard job, whether fixing a Citroen clutch or dealing with rusted pipes as a ‘bitch of a job’. So its bigger than one culture or generation.

    However the THEWORDBITCH debate had an even deeper level; many of the respondents talked about the emotion behind the words:

    There are then two thoughts that immediately lead from this for me:

    • Most people have at least some issues with understanding other people’s emotional nuances at least some of the time. That’s the reason there is 206,969 results in Amazon.com’s books selection on relationships
    • We are moving to communications platforms: SMS, email, Twitter, Facebook, Weibo, Kakao Talk etc. All of which have a distinct lack of contextual information compared to real-life interactions

    What’s the most interesting about all this?

    Our language – which is usually the part of culture that changes and morphs to adapt to trends doesn’t seem to have addressed this phenomena and instead has gone in the opposite direction.

    I don’t know why that is, but it feels like we’re walking into a linguistic cul-de-sac and given how full swear boxes become, maybe part of the answer is technology that does a better job of emoting an electronic communication? More consumer behaviour related content can be found here.